Algae and cellulosic biofuel supported in U.S. federal tax act
The Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) is expressing gratitude to the U.S. Congress for including extensions and modifications of the Second Generation Biofuel Producer Credit and the Special Allowance for Second Generation Biofuel Plant Property in final passage of the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012. The Act will incentivize investment in both cellulosic and algae biofuel production by renewing a $1.01 per gallon tax credit for producers and accelerated depreciation for newly constructed facilities during 2013, and modifying these credits to include algae. Said Brent Erickson, Executive Vice President of BIO’s Industrial and Environmental Section, in a Jan. 2 statement: “We thank Congress for extending the producer tax credit and bonus depreciation and enabling algae producers to qualify. Stability in such policies is crucial to maintaining private investment. We hope to work with Congress in the coming year to extend and maintain additional policies that support this innovation, such as a strong energy title in any upcoming Farm Bill, and the Renewable Fuel Standard.”
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Petri dishes of Solazyme's tailored algae strains.
SAE Online Poll: Lightweight materials to most benefit heavy vehicles for upcoming regs
Lightweight materials will make the greatest impact in helping medium- and heavy-duty trucks achieve upcoming greenhouse gas/fuel efficiency regulations, according to respondents to an online poll posted on SAE Off-Highway Engineering Online and Automotive Engineering International Online for two weeks in late November and early December. Lightweight materials were chosen by about 42% of the 64 respondents, hailing from 15 nations.
Automatic engine shutdown (idle reduction) came in second with nearly 22% of the vote, followed by design optimization (17%), aerodynamics (11%), and intelligent electronics (e.g., predictive cruise control) at almost 8%. Low rolling resistance tires did not receive a vote.
Half (32) of the respondents were from the U.S., who likewise selected lightweight materials as the most beneficial technology area at 37.5%. Design optimization and automatic engine shutdown swapped places compared to the overall vote, with 22% and 19%, respectively. Aerodynamics received nearly 16% of the U.S. vote, and intelligent electronics received just over 6%.
India had the second most respondents with 8, and Canada was third with 5. Countries posting a single vote included Pakistan (for design optimization), Singapore (lightweight materials), Malaysia (intelligent electronics), and Sri Lanka (automatic engine shutdown).
Check out our magazine websites often to respond to new poll questions posted by the editors, and feel free to suggest possible poll topics at sohe@sae.org or aei@sae.org.
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Voting results for the poll question: “Which technology area will make the greatest impact in achieving upcoming greenhouse gas/fuel efficiency regulations for medium- and heavy-duty vehicles?”
U.S. Army tabs AVL and Achates Power for new-generation engine
The U.S. Army’s Tank Automotive Research, Development and Engineering Center (TARDEC) has awarded a $4.9 million contract to AVL Engineering and Achates Power Inc. to design and build a demonstrator engine as part of the military's Next-Generation Engine program intended for a wide range of combat and tactical vehicles. In its contract proposal, AVL said the engine would be based on Achates’ opposed-piston two-stroke technology. It will be multi-fuel-capable, per TARDEC's requirements. In developing its base engine technology, Achates has accumulated more than 3600 h of dynamometer testing, achieving 47.5% brake thermal efficiency, the company claims. The advantages demonstrated thus far are published in SAE International technical paper 2011-01-2216 and include leaner, faster, and earlier combustion and greater package efficiency, compared with current-generation diesels. AVL and Achates expect the engine's final design phase to be underway "over the next few years."
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Achates Power claims its current base engine technology achieves less than 0.1% fuel-specific oil consumption, with low heat rejection and packaging benefits compared with current-generation diesels.
Dana launches Chinese-specific off-highway drivetrain brand
Dana Holding Corp. has developed and launched the Spicer Rui Ma brand for a new class of transmissions and axles made in China to complement the supplier’s flagship Spicer brand. Announced at Bauma China 2012 in Shanghai, the initial Spicer Rui Ma products offered to Chinese OEMs include the Spicer TZL16 RM powershift transmission for ZL50 front-end loaders, the T08 RM transmission for 6- to 10-t (6.6- to 11-ton) forklift trucks, and the T39 RM tridem drive axle for five- and six-axle chassis concrete pump trucks and other heavy-duty vocational applications. The company plans to introduce additional Spicer Rui Ma transmissions and axles for the construction, mining, and material-handling industries in the coming months. Developed and produced at Dana’s manufacturing facility in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, Spicer Rui Ma transmissions and axles are supported by the supplier’s growing network of engineering, sales support, and aftermarket parts and service teams in China. Dana currently has nine facilities in China and plans to open a 12,000-m2 (129,000-ft2) technical center in Wuxi in early 2013 to provide advanced product and applications engineering.
Saft receives additional funding from BAE Systems for advanced Li-ion ESS
BAE Systems has awarded Saft $1.3 million in new funding to continue development of a lithium-ion (Li-ion) energy storage system (ESS) for the U.S. Army’s Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV) program. The new funding for the GCV project is an addition to the initial 2010 contract. Saft, which is designing and building ultrahigh-power cells for the vehicle’s hybrid-electric drive system, has already completed the demo battery system including hardware and software. Comprised of ultrahigh-power, high-voltage VL 5U cells, the Li-ion ESS supports the GCV’s electric drive system when the vehicle is not running on gasoline, such as during silent watch missions. Saft joins Northrop Grumman, MTU, QinetiQ, and L-3 Communications on the BAE Systems’ GCV team, one of two industry teams working on the technology development phase of the program. The 24-month technology development phase is aimed at completing preliminary design reviews to build prototype systems prior to the engineering and manufacturing phase. Saft believes it will likely be the battery supplier when production begins in 2019, if the BAE Systems/Northrop Grumman team is selected as the Army’s design and manufacturing partner.
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BAE Systems' solution for the U.S. Army’s GCV program—a nine-man Infantry Carrier (plus three crew members) that can protect against threats, move in urban and off-road terrain, and accommodate emerging technologies such as lightweight armor composites and electronics—includes a hybrid-electric drive system.
Motiv ePCS to power heavy electric trucks in Chicago
San Francisco Bay Area-based startup Motiv Power Systems has been chosen to supply its scalable electric Powertrain Control System (ePCS) to the City of Chicago for 20 all-electric garbage trucks, under an exclusive five-year, $13.4 million contract. The City of Chicago operates 600 garbage trucks in total. The ePCS uses off-the-shelf batteries and motors that can be configured to power medium-duty to Class 8 heavy-duty EV trucks, weighing from 15,000 to 52,000 lb (6800 to 23,500 kg). This design approach can cut operating costs by 50% over an eight-year period, according to Motiv. The company, which was founded in 2009, has been validating its ePCS since March 2012 with an all-electric pilot bus. Funded by a grant from the California Energy Commission, the 20-passenger bus contains five battery packs (125 kW·h) providing a range of more than 120 mi (193 km) on a single charge. The Motiv EV refuse trucks planned for Chicago will use the same ePCS system as the pilot bus, but with a larger motor and 10 battery packs, and will also employ an electric motor to drive the hydraulics system. Motiv will work with partner Detroit Chassis to install the ePCS onto a standard refuse chassis; Loadmaster will provide the truck bodies. Weighing 52,000 lb (23,500 kg), the EV refuse trucks will reportedly have a range of more than 60 mi (97 km), with a total energy storage of 200 kW·h. (Go to www.sae.org/mags/sohe/11486 to read about another recent electrified refuse truck project.)
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Weighing 52,000 lb, the Motiv-powered electric refuse trucks in Chicago will have a range of more than 60 mi (97 km), with a total energy storage of 200 kW·h.
Dana officer elected OESA Board of Directors Chair
Dana Chief Strategy Officer Jacqueline "Jacqui" Dedo has been elected Chair of the Board of the Original Equipment Suppliers Association (OESA) for the 2012-13 term. She has been on the OESA board for more than six years, serving as Vice Chair for the 2011-12 term. As Chief Strategy Officer at Dana, she is responsible for leading the development and delivery of the company's global business plans across its four business units: Light Vehicle Driveline Technologies, Commercial Vehicle Driveline Technologies, Off-Highway Driveline Technologies, and Power Technologies. She serves or has served on many boards, including SAE International and Kettering University, from which she graduated with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering. Previous employers include Timken, Motorola, Covisint, Robert Bosch, and Cadillac.
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Jacqueline Dedo joined Dana in 2008 after more than 20 years occupying leadership roles in the automotive industry.
Hitachi Construction Machinery pursues autonomous system for mining
Hitachi Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. (HCM) plans to develop a suite of technologies aimed at delivering an Autonomous Haulage System (AHS) to the global surface mining industry by 2017. AHS field tests are planned to start in 2013 with incremental product deliveries through 2017. To develop the AHS solution, HCM will build upon existing synergies with Hitachi Ltd. that have already delivered an ac drive system specifically for HCM dump trucks manufactured in Japan (go to www.sae.org/mags/sohe/11492 for more on a new Hitachi hauler). For deployment in open pit mines, the AHS will consist of a variety of advanced drive and traffic control system components on board machines. These advanced systems will be combined with wireless communications and a fleet management system, enabling automation of the dump truck’s loading, haulage, and dumping operation. HCM plans to deliver AHS solutions based on the proven Hitachi ac drive dump truck system in collaboration with the latest products from Wenco International Mining Systems Ltd.
Bobcat collaborates on non-DPF Tier 4 engine for 2014
Bobcat’s plan for Tier 4 solutions includes a Doosan-built engine added to some of its equipment lineup starting in early 2014. Development of the new Tier 4-compliant, non-DPF (diesel particulate filter) engine was a collaboration between engineers from Bobcat, Doosan (Bobcat’s parent company), and engine-development companies such as Ricardo and FEV. Bobcat says its customers and dealers prefer a non-DPF engine because it minimizes long-term Tier 4 parts and maintenance expenses, and reduces daily maintenance requirements and complexity. Three Doosan engine models will be available, between 1.8- to 3.4-L displacement and 33 to 99 hp (25 to 74 kW). The company will continue to provide parts, service, and warranty on Kubota engines, which represent the largest number of engines in Bobcat machines. Kubota engines will still be offered in select products. Bobcat plans to release more details—engine specs and customer features and benefits—on its Tier 4 machines and their engines over the next 18 months.
KLD Energy, Cenntro to develop specialized EVs for U.S., China
KLD Energy Technologies, Inc., an Austin, TX-based developer of electric propulsion and generation systems, has teamed up with Cenntro Group Ltd., a developer of diesel and liquid-propane powertrains for agricultural, transportation, and construction equipment, to jointly develop four-wheel electric vehicles (EVs) that will incorporate KLD’s EV drive system technologies. The companies plan to initially focus on the U.S., Europe, and China, with the launch of the Utility Electric Vehicle, an on- and off-highway work and maintenance vehicle; the low-speed Neighborhood Electric Vehicle; and the Intra-city Logistic Vehicle, a compact delivery vehicle. Cenntro Group owns a number of operations in China and the U.S., including Zenith Power Products, LLC and Xinchang Cenntro Machinery Co., Ltd., and is a major shareholder of Sinomachinery Group Ltd. In related news, KLD and Samsung SDI also recently entered into a cooperative relationship to jointly develop battery systems that will incorporate Samsung SDI’s lithium-ion battery cells and KLD’s EV drive technologies.
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KLD’s EV drive system—comprised of the battery pack, the electric motor, and the motor controller—is applicable in a range of products, including motorcycles and scooters, three- and four-wheel on- and off-highway vehicles, and equipment for wind-energy generation.
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