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Currently used refrigerants for the automotive industry are not suitable for heat pump application for EVs. Hence, the future of HFO-1234yf is uncertain as it is not acceptable for EV application, specifically for heating. Also, this refrigerant is a known PFAS, a known chemical that affects human health. Automotive industry is working with refrigerant suppliers to develop an alternative refrigerant suitable for heat pump application that does not affect human health. This session will address the potential shortcomings of the current refrigerant and new or natural refrigerants that can be used as alternatives.

This session considers thermal-fluids modeling (zero-D, 1D, 3D CFD) and experimental presentations. Systems include combustion, lubrication, cooling, fuel, EGR, transmission etc. Components include pumps, fuel injectors, turbochargers, torque converters, gear box, bearings, valves, ports, manifolds, oil cooler, EGR cooler, after-treatment (SCR, DOC, DOF); battery cooling etc.

Tail pipe emissions are considered one of the major factors adversely affecting the environment. There is an urgent demand in many regions of the world to reduce the carbon footprints due to transportation. Smog generated from mobility applications has crippling effects in mega urban areas. The increasing focus on fuel economy and emissions reduction have caused a rapid expansion of sustainable mobility applications. Electrification of cars and trucks will significantly reduce the dependence on the internal combustion engine using fossil fuels, leading to a significant positive impact on cleaning the environment. In this panel discussion, the focus is on the rapidly changing regulations landscape and the technological advances required to achieve the fuel economy and emissions mandates.

The purpose of this session is to share experiences and lessons learned to advance the technology in the field of thermal management of electric and hybrid vehicle systems. This session presents papers covering both testing and simulation of hybrid and electric vehicle thermal systems.

The session will focus on the use of latest simulation technologies in the design and evaluation of new thermal systems and their control strategies. Contributions will focus on both 1D and 3D simulation tools as applied to steady and transient phenomenon.

Heavy-duty on- and off-highway vehicles face unique thermal management challenges which can be very different from the thermal challenges in other transportation sectors. This session focuses on topics and technologies specific to thermal management for these vehicles.

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) require a unique climate control due to the unique seating arrangements. AVs also are typically preconditioned and this provides an opportunity to design with less capacity and novel component location.This session will support climate control and cabin hygiene simulations and solution for this unique vehicle.

Autonomous vehicles require unique climate control solutions due to atypical occupant seating arrangements and also integration of coolant or refrigeration into the electronics and sensor cooling. This session highlights the ever-developing technologies in the above mentioned fields to address autonomous vehicle needs and the resulting thermal efficiency.