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Journal Article

A Centrally Managed Identity-Anonymized CAN Communication System*

2018-05-16
Abstract Identity-Anonymized CAN (IA-CAN) protocol is a secure CAN protocol, which provides the sender authentication by inserting a secret sequence of anonymous IDs (A-IDs) shared among the communication nodes. To prevent malicious attacks from the IA-CAN protocol, a secure and robust system error recovery mechanism is required. This article presents a central management method of IA-CAN, named the IA-CAN with a global A-ID, where a gateway plays a central role in the session initiation and system error recovery. Each ECU self-diagnoses the system errors, and (if an error happens) it automatically resynchronizes its A-ID generation by acquiring the recovery information from the gateway. We prototype both a hardware version of an IA-CAN controller and a system for the IA-CAN with a global A-ID using the controller to verify our concept.
Journal Article

A Deep Neural Network Attack Simulation against Data Storage of Autonomous Vehicles

2023-09-29
Abstract In the pursuit of advancing autonomous vehicles (AVs), data-driven algorithms have become pivotal in replacing human perception and decision-making. While deep neural networks (DNNs) hold promise for perception tasks, the potential for catastrophic consequences due to algorithmic flaws is concerning. A well-known incident in 2016, involving a Tesla autopilot misidentifying a white truck as a cloud, underscores the risks and security vulnerabilities. In this article, we present a novel threat model and risk assessment (TARA) analysis on AV data storage, delving into potential threats and damage scenarios. Specifically, we focus on DNN parameter manipulation attacks, evaluating their impact on three distinct algorithms for traffic sign classification and lane assist.
Journal Article

A Systematic Mapping Study on Security Countermeasures of In-Vehicle Communication Systems

2021-11-16
Abstract The innovations of vehicle connectivity have been increasing dramatically to enhance the safety and user experience of driving, while the rising numbers of interfaces to the external world also bring security threats to vehicles. Many security countermeasures have been proposed and discussed to protect the systems and services against attacks. To provide an overview of the current states in this research field, we conducted a systematic mapping study (SMS) on the topic area “security countermeasures of in-vehicle communication systems.” A total of 279 papers are identified based on the defined study identification strategy and criteria. We discussed four research questions (RQs) related to the security countermeasures, validation methods, publication patterns, and research trends and gaps based on the extracted and classified data. Finally, we evaluated the validity threats and the whole mapping process.
Standard

AIRCRAFT SERVER, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INTERFACE STANDARD

2021-11-10
CURRENT
ARINC679
ARINC Report 679 defines the functional characteristics of an airborne server that will support Electronic Flight Bags (EFBs) and similar peripherals used in the flight deck, cabin, and maintenance applications. The document defines how EFBs will efficiently, effectively, safely, and securely connect to the airborne server in a way that offer expanded capabilities to aircraft operators. The airborne server has two main functions, first to provide specific services to connected systems, and second to provide centralized security for the EFB and its data. This document is a functional airborne server definition. It does not define the physical characteristics of the server.
Magazine

Aerospace & Defense Technology: February 2024

2024-02-08
Certified Machine Learning-Based Avionics: Unlocking Safer Revolutionizing Electronic Warfare: Unleashing the Power of High-Performance Software Defined Radios Deterministic and Modular Architecture for Embedded Vehicle Systems Approximating the Material Stresses and System Requirements for Hypersonic Flight Design Approaches for Established and Emerging RF Receiver Architectures Rydberg Technologies Shows Potential of Long-Range RF with Quantum Sensor at NetModX23 New Method to Measure Wind Speed Could Unlock Drones' Potential A fundamentally different approach to wind estimation using unmanned aircraft than the vast majority of existing methods. This method uses no on-board flow sensor and does not attempt to estimate thrust or drag forces. Report on Human Factors Issues Likely to Affect Air-Launched Effects This report reviews human factors research on the supervision of multiple unmanned vehicles (UVs) as it affects human integration with Air-Launched Effects (ALE).
Book

Aerospace Standards Index - 2024

2024-02-12
This valuable resource lists all Aerospace Standards (AS), Aerospace Recommended Practices (ARP), Aerospace Information Reports (AIR), and Aerospace Resource Documents (ARD) published by SAE. Each listing includes title, subject, document number, key words, new and revised documents, and DODISS-adopted documents. AMS Index - Now Available!
Magazine

Automotive Engineering: April 2023

2023-04-06
Steer-by-wire stars on the new Lexus RZ 450e Lexus' first BEV arrives with innovative touches, dual-axle propulsion and less-than-spectacular range. Rethinking the grid for EVs Interoperability and 'smart' energy management are vital for meeting EV charging demand. Designing for 200 BMEP and 22,000 RPM How Honda's Grand Prix motorcycle program in the 1960s created the world's most-advanced IC engines. Spelling Ford with an 'e' Ford Motor Co.'s new Model e team aims to transform the 120-year-old auto giant. Meet some of its new technology leaders. Chamber made to protect EV batteries With the ACS Dust Chamber, testing to ISO 20653 helps ensure EV battery housing designs will keep out dust and small particulates.
Magazine

Automotive Engineering: August 2023

2023-08-03
3D, no waiting! Two companies' latest techniques take additive manufacturing to the next level. Reducing the battery materials supply risk "Adjacent" strategies such as improving vehicle efficiency and advancing promising chemistries can mitigate the risks associated with today's favored battery materials. A formula for real-world experience Student engineers soak up the lessons from an army of auto-industry and racing volunteers at Formula SAE Michigan. Editorial It's about more than a connector Supplier Eye The New Wild West SAE to standardize Tesla's NACS charging connector Report: Suppliers need more info sooner on OEM EV plans Mazda again producing rotary engines Toyota to build new battery lab in Michigan New Lexus SUVs: GX for show, TX for dough? VW introduces seminal ID.Buzz in three-row layout Spotlight: 3D Printing/Additive Manufacturing Equipment & Software
Magazine

Automotive Engineering: July/August 2022

2022-08-01
R1T Exposed! A comprehensive teardown of Rivian's pioneering electric pickup reveals praiseworthy build quality, innovative thinking…and some lapses in manufacturability. EVs drive NVH materials innovation Skateboard platforms, high-frequency motor noise push lower dB thresholds and new countermeasure solutions. Optimizing design for additive manufacturing Avoiding the pitfalls of 3D printing requires knowing the process limitations - and how to work around them. An expert at a leading AM specialist shares insights on getting it right. Real-time processors help drive the zonal E/E revolution With its new generation of software-compatible processors, NXP aims to accelerate systems consolidation and performance.
Best Practice

CSPR Framework Technical Report

2023-01-04
CURRENT
SMSOLUTIONS0123
SMSOLUTIONS0123 represents the work of a team of policy and technical leaders from over a dozen forward-leaning organizations in the ground vehicle industry and government. When asked where Sustainable Mobility Solutions could best apply the capabilities SAE has developed over a century, the SMS group responded without hesitation: address EV charging system failure. The group determined to aggregate charging session data with the view to create a consistent data dictionary and analysis practice. Adopting agile work practices, it studied these data, vetting and iterating its solution with the objective of producing a technical report in approximately half the time required in normal standardization. The resulting document, EV Charging Infrastructure: Charging System Performance Reporting, is informing work by the U.S. Department of Energy and Departments of Energy and Transportation Joint Office, as well as OEMs and suppliers.
Technical Paper

Communication Requirements for Plug-In Electric Vehicles

2011-04-12
2011-01-0866
This paper is the second in the series of documents designed to record the progress of a series of SAE documents - SAE J2836™, J2847, J2931, & J2953 - within the Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Communication Task Force. This follows the initial paper number 2010-01-0837, and continues with the test and modeling of the various PLC types for utility programs described in J2836/1™ & J2847/1. This also extends the communication to an off-board charger, described in J2836/2™ & J2847/2 and includes reverse energy flow described in J2836/3™ and J2847/3. The initial versions of J2836/1™ and J2847/1 were published early 2010. J2847/1 has now been re-opened to include updates from comments from the National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) Smart Grid Interoperability Panel (SGIP), Smart Grid Architectural Committee (SGAC) and Cyber Security Working Group committee (SCWG).
Technical Paper

Consequence-Driven Cybersecurity for High-Power Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure

2023-04-11
2023-01-0047
Cybersecurity of high-power charging infrastructure for electric vehicles (EVs) is critical to the safety, reliability, and consumer confidence in this publicly accessible technology. ...Cybersecurity of high-power charging infrastructure for electric vehicles (EVs) is critical to the safety, reliability, and consumer confidence in this publicly accessible technology. Cybersecurity vulnerabilities in high-power EV charging infrastructure may also present risks to broader transportation and energy-infrastructure systems. ...This paper details a methodology used to analyze and prioritize high-consequence events that could result from cybersecurity sabotage to high-power charging infrastructure. The highest prioritized events are evaluated under laboratory conditions for the severity of impact and the complexity of cybersecurity manipulation.
Technical Paper

Considerations for Requirements and Specifications of a Digital Thread in Aircraft Data Life Cycle Management

2024-03-05
2024-01-1946
The aircraft lifecycle involves thousands of transactions and an enormous amount of data being exchanged across the stakeholders in the aircraft ecosystem. This data pertains to various aircraft life cycle stages such as design, manufacturing, certification, operations, maintenance, and disposal of the aircraft. All participants in the aerospace ecosystem want to leverage the data to deliver insight and add value to their customers through existing and new services while protecting their own intellectual property. The exchange of data between stakeholders in the ecosystem is involved and growing exponentially. This necessitates the need for standards on data interoperability to support efficient maintenance, logistics, operations, and design improvements for both commercial and military aircraft ecosystems. A digital thread defines an approach and a system which connects the data flows and represents a holistic view of an asset data across its lifecycle.
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