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In commemoration of the 50th anniversary of the world's automotive air conditioning technology, this historical review is given of the compressor in general, and then of the wobbleplate and scroll types specifically. Sanden has been producing these for the world market since 1971 and 1981, respectively. A new era of the two types of compressors embodying the variable capacity feature is also described.

Various physical conditions of the friction surfaces were studied to increase the breakaway torque of the electromagnetic clutch for the automotive air conditioning compressor. The conventional ground steel-ground-steel combination had a disadvantage of low breakaway torque in the running-in period of engagement cycles. This situation was greatly improved by using the combination of the ground armature plate and the machined rotor with zinc plating. In this new technique, the pitch and depth of the machining mark relative to the plating thickness was found to be important. Combinations of machined armature plates and the machined rotors, with or without zinc plating, were also promising, and the mechanism of friction with these surface combinations were analyzed.

The SD-5 Series, five cylinder wobble plate compressors have again been improved to meet the requirements of further size and weight reduction; rapid car interior cool down at the lower speed range; yet maintain an adequate capacity saturation in the high speed range, and lower operating noise. Featured in this paper is an explanation of how the new technology is incorporated. 1) Use of dual TFE piston ring technique, 2) Reduction in the oil circulation ratio in the refrigerant circuit. 3) Optimizing of bore to stroke ratio.

Performance of the improved serpentine evaporator for automotive air conditioner made with the NOCOLOK ® brazing technique is evaluated and compared with the conventional serpentine, plate fin, and fin-and-tube types, using a proposed method which combines the cooling capacity characteristic and pressure drop from blower to discharge air louvers for a typical duct system. Computer simulation results are also discussed.

SANDEN CORPORATION (named SANKYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD. prior to September 1982) developed a new automobile air conditioning compressor, the “TR” type, based upon the spiral machine principle. Two spiral components have 2.8 turn involute spiral walls projected from discs. Both spiral components are housed in a cylindrical casing, with one in a fixed position and the other interleaved with the former at an angular relationship of 180º. The free moving component is driven by a crankshaft in an orbiting motion. The orbiting motion of the free moving component provides a continuous compression process in two pairs of compression pockets.

SANDEN CORPORATION (named SANKYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD. prior to September 1982) developed a new automotive air conditioning compressor, the “TR” type, based upon the spiral machine principle. The spiral principle, having been chosen after an elaborate comparative study of several new mechanisms including the vane rotary, the “TR” compressor, proved more than competitive with other types in every criterion. The design refinement program which followed repeated prototype evaluations, included laboratory tests ranging from regular durability to extreme condition durability, such as low speed-high pressure and low refrigerant/oil charge tests, in addition to field tests in Okinawa Prefecture and other parts of Japan.