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Vehicle Architecture for Hybrid, Electric, Automated, and Shared Vehicle Design

2024-09-10
Electric and hybrid vehicle engineers and designers are faced with the important issue of how to adequately configure required powertrain system components to achieve needed performance, occupant accommodation, and operational objectives. This course enables participants to fully comprehend vehicle architectural/configurational design requirements to enable efficient structural design, effective packaging of required components, and efficient vehicle performance for shared and autonomous operation. The importance of integrating these design requirements with specific vehicle user needs and expectations will be emphasized.
Technical Paper

Electromagnetic Compatibility Assessment of Electric Vehicles During DC-Charging with European Combined Charging System

2024-07-02
2024-01-3008
The ongoing energy transition will have a profound impact on future mobility, with electrification playing a key role. Battery electric vehicles (EVs) are the dominant technology, relying on the conversion of alternating current (AC) from the grid to direct current (DC) to charge the traction battery. This process involves power electronic components such as rectifiers and DC/DC converters operating at high switching frequencies in the kHz range. Fast switching is essential to minimize losses and improve efficiency, but it might also generate electromagnetic interferences (EMI). Hence, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing is essential to ensure reliable system operations and to meet international standards. During DC charging, the AC/DC conversion takes place off-board in the charging station, allowing for better cooling and larger components, resulting in increased power transfer, currently up to 350 kW.
Technical Paper

Approach for an Assistance System for E-Bikes to Implement Rider-Adaptive Support

2024-07-02
2024-01-2979
When riding an e-bike, riders are faced with the question of whether there is enough energy left in the battery to reach the destination with the desired level of support. E-bike users therefore have an existential range anxiety. Specifically, this describes the fear that the battery charge will be exhausted before there is an opportunity to recharge it and that it will no longer be possible to use the electric support. However, e-bike riders have so far had to decide for themselves whether the available battery charge is sufficient for riding the planned route or whether the desired destination can be reached. In this context, the challenge is to decide how much support can be used so that an appropriate amount of effort can be achieved for the entire journey. In order to assist e-bike riders with this problem, the objective of this paper is to present an approach towards an assistance system that provides rider-adaptive support over the entire journey of a defined route.
Technical Paper

Environment-Adaptive Localization based on GNSS, Odometry and LiDAR Systems

2024-07-02
2024-01-2986
In the evolving landscape of automated driving systems, the critical role of vehicle localization within the autonomous driving stack is increasingly evident. Traditional reliance on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) proves to be inadequate, especially in urban areas where signal obstruction and multipath effects degrade accuracy. Addressing this challenge, this paper details the enhancement of a localization system for autonomous public transport vehicles, focusing on mitigating GNSS errors through the integration of a LiDAR sensor. The approach involves creating a 3D map using the factor graph-based LIO-SAM algorithm based on GNSS, vehicle odometry, IMU and LiDAR data. The algorithm is adapted to the use-case by adding a velocity factor and altitude data from a Digital Terrain model. Based on the map a state estimator is proposed, which combines high-frequency LiDAR odometry based on FAST-LIO with low-frequency absolute multiscale ICP-based LiDAR position estimation.
Technical Paper

Runtime Safety Assurance of Autonomous Last-Mile Delivery Vehicles in Urban-like Environment

2024-07-02
2024-01-2991
The conventional process of last-mile delivery logistics often leads to safety problems for road users and a high level of environmental pollution. Delivery drivers must deal with frequent stops, search for a convenient parking spot and sometimes navigate through the narrow streets causing traffic congestion and possibly safety issues for the ego vehicle as well as for other traffic participants. This process is not only time consuming but also environmentally impactful, especially in low-emission zones where prolonged vehicle idling can lead to air pollution and to high operational costs. To overcome these challenges, a reliable system is required that not only ensures the flexible, safe and smooth delivery of goods but also cuts the costs and meets the delivery target.
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