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Standard

Road Load Tire Model Validation Procedures for Dynamic Behavior
2023-03-14
CURRENT
J2812_202303
This SAE Recommended Practice describes an evaluation procedure for validating tire models for use in road load simulations and assesses the relevant dynamic behavior of tires. The laboratory test utilized is a “cleat” test, where a rolling tire on a drum encounters a cleat and the resulting dynamic forces and moments are measured. This test is described in SAE J2730, “Dynamic Cleat Test with Perpendicular and Inclined Cleats”. The test is commonly used to identify tire model parameters. In this recommended practice, requirements for the measurement of the tire’s response are described along with data processing techniques and calculations used to quantitatively compare the tire model’s calculated response to the tire’s response measured on test. This recommended practice addresses both the tire model structure and its parameters.
Standard

Tire Normal Force/Deflection and Gross Footprint Dimension Test
2018-11-20
CURRENT
J2704_201811
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a test method for determining the vertical force and deflection properties of a non-rolling tire and the associated contact patch length and width. The method applies to any tire so long as the equipment is properly scaled to conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for use in determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular pavements. Within the context of this Recommended Practice, forces applied to the pavement are not considered.
Standard

Test for Tire Quasi-Static Longitudinal Force versus Longitudinal Displacement and Quasi-Static Lateral Force versus Lateral Force
2018-11-20
CURRENT
J2718_201811
This SAE Recommended Practice describes application of two closely related test procedures, which together determine the linear range longitudinal and lateral stiffnesses of a statically loaded non-rotating tire. The procedures apply to any tire so long as the equipment is properly sized to correctly conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for use in determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular pavements. Within the context of this document, forces applied to the pavement are not considered.
Standard

Tests to Define Tire Size (Geometry), Mass, Inertias
2018-11-20
CURRENT
J2717_201811
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a trio of test methods which determine basic tire size (geometry), mass, and moments of inertia. The methods apply to any tire so long as the equipment is properly scaled to conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular surfaces paved or unpaved. Within the context of this Recommended Practice, forces applied to the surface on which the tire is operating are not considered.
Standard

Tests to Define Tire Size (Geometry), Mass, and Inertias
2018-05-16
HISTORICAL
J2717_201805
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a trio of test methods which determine basic tire size (geometry), mass, and moments of inertia. The methods apply to any tire so long as the equipment is properly scaled to conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular surfaces paved or unpaved. Within the context of this Recommended Practice, forces applied to the surface on which the tire is operating are not considered.
Standard

Automotive Stability Enhancement Systems
2017-11-14
HISTORICAL
J2564_201711
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to describe currently known automotive active stability enhancement systems, as well as identify common names which can be used to refer to the various systems and common features and functions of the various systems. The primary systems discussed are: a ABS - Antilock Brake Systems b TCS - Traction Control Systems c ESC - Electronic Stability Control The document is technical in nature and attempts to remain neutral regarding unique features that individual system or vehicle manufacturers may provide.
Standard

Tire Normal Force/Deflection and Gross Footprint Dimension Test
2017-09-05
HISTORICAL
J2704_201709
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a test method for determining the vertical force and deflection properties of a non-rolling tire and the associated contact patch length and width. The method applies to any tire so long as the equipment is properly scaled to conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for use in determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular pavements. Within the context of this Recommended Practice, forces applied to the pavement are not considered.
Standard

Test for Tire Quasi-Static Longitudinal Force versus Longitudinal Displacement and Quasi-Static Lateral Force versus Lateral Force
2017-09-05
HISTORICAL
J2718_201709
This SAE Recommended Practice describes application of two closely related test procedures, which together determine the linear range longitudinal and lateral stiffnesses of a statically loaded non-rotating tire. The procedures apply to any tire so long as the equipment is properly sized to correctly conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for use in determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular pavements. Within the context of this document, forces applied to the pavement are not considered.
Standard

Road Load Tire Model Validation Procedures for Dynamic Behavior
2014-02-17
HISTORICAL
J2812_201402
This SAE Recommended Practice describes an evaluation procedure for validating tire models for use in road load simulations and assesses the relevant dynamic behavior of tires. The laboratory test utilized is a “cleat” test, where a rolling tire on a drum encounters a cleat and the resulting dynamic forces and moments are measured. This test is described in SAE J2730, “Dynamic Cleat Test with Perpendicular and Inclined Cleats”. The test is commonly used to identify tire model parameters. In this recommended practice, requirements for the measurement of the tire’s response are described along with data processing techniques and calculations used to quantitatively compare the tire model’s calculated response to the tire’s response measured on test. This recommended practice addresses both the tire model structure and its parameters.
Standard

Tests to Define Tire Size (Geometry), Mass, and Inertias
2012-06-21
HISTORICAL
J2717_201206
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a trio of test methods which determine basic tire size (geometry), mass, and moments of inertia. The methods apply to any tire so long as the equipment is properly scaled to conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular surfaces paved or unpaved. Within the context of this Recommended Practice, forces applied to the surface on which the tire is operating are not considered.
Standard

Tire Normal Force/Deflection and Gross Footprint Dimension Test
2010-09-07
HISTORICAL
J2704_201009
This SAE Recommended Practice describes a test method for determining the vertical force and deflection properties of a non-rolling tire and the associated contact patch length and width. The method applies to any tire so long as the equipment is properly scaled to conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for use in determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE—Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular pavements. Within the context of this Recommended Practice, forces applied to the pavement are not considered.
Standard

Test for Tire Quasi-Static Longitudinal Force vs. Longitudinal Displacement and Quasi-Static Lateral Force vs. Lateral Displacement
2010-09-07
HISTORICAL
J2718_201009
This SAE Recommended Practice describes application of two closely related test procedures, which together determine the linear range longitudinal and lateral stiffnesses of a statically loaded non-rotating tire. The procedures apply to any tire so long as the equipment is properly sized to correctly conduct the measurements for the intended test tire. The data are suitable for use in determining parameters for road load models and for comparative evaluations of the measured properties in research and development. NOTE: Herein, road load models are models for predicting forces applied to the vehicle spindles during operation over irregular pavements. Within the context of this document, forces applied to the pavement are not considered.
Standard

Automotive Stability Enhancement Systems
2004-06-07
HISTORICAL
J2564_200406
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to describe currently known automotive active stability enhancement systems, as well as identify common names which can be used to refer to the various systems and common features and functions of the various systems. The primary systems discussed are: a ABS—Antilock Brake Systems b TCS—Traction Control Systems c ESC—Electronic Stability Control The document is technical in nature and attempts to remain neutral regarding unique features that individual system or vehicle manufacturers may provide.
Standard

Automotive Stability Enhancement Systems
2000-12-01
HISTORICAL
J2564_200012
The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to describe currently known automotive active stability enhancement systems, as well as identify common names which can be used to refer to the various systems and common features and functions of the various systems. The primary systems discussed are: a ABS—Antilock Braking Systems b TCS—Traction Control Systems c AYC—Active Yaw Control Systems The document is technical in nature and attempts to remain neutral about specific manufacturer designs, and automobile producer features.
Standard

SUBJECTIVE RATING SCALE FOR VEHICLE HANDLING
1998-03-01
HISTORICAL
J1441_199803
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a rating scale for subjective evaluation of vehicle handling. The scale is applicable for the evaluation of specific vehicle handling properties in specific maneuvers on the proving grounds and highways. The validity of the evaluation is restricted to the individual handling disciplines defined by these maneuvers and to the particular combination of conditions of the vehicle (e.g., equipment, degree of maintenance) and of the environment (e.g., road, weather). This document is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.
Standard

SUBJECTIVE RATING SCALE FOR VEHICLE HANDLING
1992-02-01
HISTORICAL
J1441_199202
This SAE Recommended Practice establishes a rating scale for subjective evaluation of vehicle handling. The scale is applicable for the evaluation of specific vehicle handling properties in specific maneuvers on the proving grounds and highways. The validity of the evaluation is restricted to the individual handling disciplines defined by these maneuvers and to the particular combination of conditions of the vehicle (e.g., equipment, degree of maintenance) and of the environment (e.g., road, weather). This document is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.
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