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Over the past several years the FZG A/8.3/90 test method has been used to evaluate current qualified aviation lubricants. The results of the effort have been summarized in this document as a historical reference to document the findings made from the committee.

This test method describes a standardized process to evaluate the an aviation lubricant’s resistance to oxidation and corrosion-based degradation and to evaluate the fluid’s tendency to corrode various metals. Fluids are evaluated under a low-moisture atmosphere at a variety of times and temperatures.

This test method provides procedures for exposing specimens of elastomer materials (AS 568-214 size O-rings) representative of those used in gas turbine engines to lubricants or reference fluids under defined time and temperature conditions. This test includes both suspended and compressed O-rings. Resultant changes in the O-ring’s physical properties (tensile strength, elongation, hardness, mass, volume, and compression set) are measured to determine the amount of deterioration of the elastomer.

This method is used for determining the volume swelling effect of aero-derived gas turbine engine lubricants on elastomeric materials. It provides insight into the expected performance of a candidate lubricants impact upon elastomer swell and provides data to determine if the candidate lubricant meets specification requirements. This ARP is based upon Federal Standard 791, Method 3604.

There has been a recent upsurge in interest from the media concerning the quality of the environment within aircraft cabins and cockpits especially in the commercial world1-4. This has included (although by no means been limited to) the air quality, with particular reference to the alleged effects of contamination from the aircraft turbine lubricant. Possible exposure to ‘organophosphates’ (OPs) from the oil has raised special concerns from cabin crew. Such is the concern that government organisations around the world, including Australia, USA and UK, have set up committees to investigate the cabin air quality issue. Concern was also voiced in the aviation lubricants world at the way in which OP additives in turbine lubricants were being blamed in some reports for the symptoms being experienced by air crew and passengers. SAE Committee E-34 therefore decided that it should gather as much available information on the subject as possible.

There has been a recent upsurge in interest from the media concerning the quality of the environment within aircraft cabins and cockpits especially in the commercial world. This has included (although by no means been limited to) the air quality, with particular reference to the alleged effects of contamination from the aircraft turbine lubricant. Possible exposure to 'organophosphates' (OPs) from the oil has raised special concerns from cabin crew. Such is the concern that government organisations around the world, including Australia, USA and UK, have set up committees to investigate the cabin air quality issue. Concern was also voiced in the aviation lubricants world at the way in which OP additives in turbine lubricants were being blamed in some reports for the symptoms being experienced by air crew and passengers. SAE Committee E-34 therefore decided that it should gather as much available information on the subject as possible.

This AIR describes the current scientific and engineering principles of gas turbine lubricant performance testing per AS5780 and identifies gaps in our understanding of the technology to help the continuous improvement of this specification.

The intent is to provide a reference which explains the types of possible changes to AS5780 products and provide appropriate context to the QPG. All product change requests to the QPG will be evaluated on their merits recognizing the content of this AIR is guidance only.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) establishes guidance for the specification of formulated lubricant properties which contribute to the lubricating function in bearings, gears, clutches and seals of aviation propulsion and drive systems.

This AIR establishes guidance for the specification of formulated lubricant properties which contribute to the lubricating function in bearings, gears, clutches and seals of aviation propulsion and drive systems.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) establishes guidance for the specification of formulated lubricant properties which contribute to the lubricating function in bearings, gears, clutches, and seals of aviation propulsion and drive systems.

This AIR establishes guidance for the specification of formulated lubricant properties which contribute to the lubricating function in bearings, gears, clutches and seals of aviation propulsion and drive systems.

This method is used for determining the compatibility of a candidate lubricant with specific reference lubricants. The reference lubricants to be used will typically be mandated by the owner of the product specification against which the candidate lubricant is being compared. This method is split into two procedures (Procedure A and Procedure B) with a summary of each procedure contained in Section 4.

This method is designed to evaluate the micropitting performance of currently available and future aviation turbine oil formulations. Drawing on previously performed tests documented in AIR6989, the method comprises of three rings rotating against a rotating central roller configuration using the standard, commercially available PCS Instruments Micropitting Rig (MPR). A test profile has been developed between industry and academia that relies on standard, commercially available test specimens.

This AIR describes the current scientific and engineering principles of gas turbine lubricant performance testing per AS5780 and identifies gaps in our understanding of the technology to help the continuous improvement of this specification.

This test method provides procedures for exposing specimens of elastomer material (slab form) representative to those used in gas turbine engines to aviation lubricants under extended duration and engine relevant thermal conditions. For AS5780 requirements the time is at least 1800 hours and temperatures are 100 °C to 160 °C. Positive volume change is an indication of specimen swell and subsequent negative volume change is an indication of specimen deterioration, both properties are important in the evaluation of the compatibility of the lubricant with elastomers used in the construction of the gas turbine.

The test method describes the procedure for the direct determination of water concentration in polyol ester and diester based aerospace lubricants by commercially available automated coulometric Karl Fischer titration instruments. The method was validated to cover the water concentration range of 150 to 3500 µg/g. The method may also be suitable for the determination of water concentrations outside this range and for other classes of fluids; however, the precision statement shall not be applicable for such uses.

The test method describes the procedure for the direct determination of water concentration in polyol ester and diester based aerospace lubricants by commercially available automated coulometric Karl Fischer titration instruments. The method was validated to cover the water concentration range of 150 to 3500 µg/g. The method may also be suitable for the determination of water concentrations outside this range and for other classes of fluids; however, the precision statement shall not be applicable for such uses.

The test method describes the procedure for the direct determination of water concentration in polyol ester and diester based aerospace lubricants by the commercially available automated coulometric Karl Fischer titration instrument. The method was validated to cover the water concentration range of 150 to 3500 µg/g. The method may also be suitable for the determination of water concentrations outside this range and for other classes of fluids, however, the precision statement shall not be applicable for such uses.

Aviation oils provide thin lubricating films between highly stressed bearing, gear and other lubricated contacts. The stresses and shear rates cause rapid rheological changes in the oil which affect the traction (friction) between the surfaces. Thin film dynamic forces are associated with the molecular structure of the oil provided by the oil supplier. Traction force divided by the normal load (i.e. traction coefficient) can be viewed as a fundamental property of aviation oil. Its value is a function of stress, temperature and shear rate. Appropriate measurements are made under dynamic conditions to characterize aviation oil products for engineering design purposes and service performance prediction.