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The SID-IIs is a small [s], second-generation [II] Side Impact Dummy [SID] which has the anthropometry of a 5th percentile adult female. It has a mass of 43.5 kg, a seated height of 790 mm, and over 100 available data channels. Based on the height and mass, this is equivalent to an average 12-13 year old adolescent. The state-of-the-art SID-IIs has special application in evaluating the performance of side impact airbags. The dummy has undergone prototype testing and will shortly be available for worldwide evaluation. This paper describes the technical details of the dummy, its biomechanical design targets, how well it met those targets, its validation requirements, and its instrumentation. The dummy is the product of a joint development agreement between the Occupant Safety Research Partnership (OSRP) of USCAR and First Technology Safety Systems.

This technical paper presents the results from tests conducted with the ES-2re, a version of the ES-2 side impact dummy that was modified by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) to improve its performance in crash tests. Through the series of biofidelity tests conducted on the ES-2re, described in International Standards Organization (ISO) Technical Report (TR)9790 (1999), the OSRP observed a final overall biofidelity ranking of 4.1 for the ES-2re, which corresponds to an ISO classification of “marginal.” The biofidelity of the ES-2re is compared to that of the ES-2 and the WorldSID. Repeatability was also evaluated on the ES-2re based on the biofidelity test data. Additional pendulum tests were performed to assess the response of the dummy in oblique loading conditions, and results indicate that oblique loading from the front leads to significantly reduced rib deflections.

The development of the WorldSID 50th percentile male dummy was initiated in 1997 by the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO/TC22/SC12/WG5) with the objective of developing a more biofidelic side impact dummy and supporting the adoption of a harmonised dummy into regulations. The dummy is currently under evaluation at the Working Party on Passive Safety (GRSP) in order to be included in the pole side impact global technical regulation (GTR). Injury risk curves dedicated to this dummy and built on behalf of ISO/TC22/SC12/WG6 were proposed in order to assess the occupant safety performance (Petitjean et al. 2009). At that time, there was no recommendation yet on the injury criteria and no consensus on the most accurate statistical method to be used. Since 2009, ISO/TC22/SC12/WG6 reached a consensus on the definition of guidelines to build injury risk curves, including the use of the survival analysis, the distribution assessment and quality checks.

Abstract - Shared autonomous vehicles open possibilities for novel seating configurations, enabling greater interior spaciousness by making the front row seats rear-facing or removing one row of seats altogether. Frontal crash simulations with a forward-facing Hybrid III mid-size male FEM demonstrated that the unrestrained legs can swing up freely until they stop at the end of the range of knee extension. High tibia moments and tibia indices result. Similar crash simulations with the GHBMC M50-O demonstrated knee ligament separation, while those with the more advanced GHBMC F05-O did not. To better understand the knee responses, the mass, C.G. and moments of inertia of the GHBMC M50 legs were applied to the GHBMC F05 with its more detailed representation of the knee. The peak knee ligament loads are compared to published failure load data.

This technical paper presents the results of biomechanical testing conducted on the ES-2 dummy by the Occupant Safety Research Partnership and Transport Canada. The ES-2 is a production dummy, based on the EuroSID-1 dummy, that was modified to further improve testing capabilities as recommended by users of the EuroSID-1 dummy. Biomechanical response data were obtained by completing a series of drop, pendulum, and sled tests that are outlined in the International Organization of Standardization Technical Report 9790 that describes biofidelity requirements for the midsize adult male side impact dummy. A few of the biofidelity tests were conducted on both sides of the dummy to evaluate the symmetry of its responses. Full vehicle crash tests were conducted to verify if the changes in the EuroSID-1, resulting in the ES-2 design, did improve the dummy's testing capability. In addition to the biofidelity testing, the ES-2 dummy repeatability, reproducibility and durability are discussed.

The development of the WorldSID 50th percentile male dummy was initiated in 1997 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO/SC12/TC22/WG5) with the objective of developing a more biofidelic side impact dummy and supporting the adoption of a harmonized dummy into regulations. More than 45 organizations from all around the world have contributed to this effort including governmental agencies, research institutes, car manufacturers and dummy manufacturers. The first production version of the WorldSID 50th male dummy was released in March 2004 and demonstrated an improved biofidelity over existing side impact dummies. Full-scale vehicle tests covering a wide range of side impact test procedures were performed worldwide with the WorldSID dummy. However, the vehicle safety performance could not be assessed due to lack of injury risk curves for this dummy. The development of these curves was initiated in 2004 within the framework of ISO/SC12/TC22/WG6 (Injury criteria).