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In this work, heat loss was investigated in homogeneous and stratified DI-SI operation mode in a single cylinder research engine. Several thermocouples were adapted to the combustion chamber surfaces. The crank angle resolved temperature oscillations at the cylinder head and piston surface could thereby be measured in homogeneous and stratified operation mode. A grasshopper linkage was designed and adapted to the engine, to transfer the piston signals to the data acquisition device. The design of the experimental apparatus is described briefly. For both operation modes the average steady-state temperatures of the combustion chamber surfaces were compared. The temperature distribution along the individual sensor positions at the cylinder head and piston surface are shown. Furthermore, the curves of the crank angle resolved temperature oscillations in stratified and homogeneous operation mode were compared.

Premature and uncontrolled flame initiation, called pre-ignition (PI), is a prominent issue in the development of spark-ignited engines. It is commonly assumed that this abnormal combustion mode hinders progress in engine downsizing, thus inhibiting development of more efficient engines. The phenomenon is primarily observed in highly turbocharged spark ignited (SI) engines in the full load regime at low engine speeds. Subsequent engine knock induces extremely high peak pressures, potentially causing severe engine damage. The mechanisms leading to this phenomenon are not completely understood; however, it is quite plausible that a multiphase process is responsible for the pre-ignition. One effect could be the interaction between injected fuel drops and the oil film on the cylinder liner. Under certain conditions, droplets of oil or oil/fuel mixture can detach or splash from the film, leading to pre-ignition at the droplet surface towards the end of the compression phase.

The start of combustion in a spark-ignited engine is highly dependent upon the conditions between the two spark plug electrodes at ignition. In addition to the air-to-fuel ratio in this gap, the gas flow is seen as most critical. In a combustion engine with a standard spark plug that protrudes into the combustion chamber, this gas flow is mainly dependent upon the tumble, swirl, or squish that is developed by the cylinder head and the piston movement. However, the air movement in the pre-chamber depends on the orientation of the orifices towards the main combustion chamber (MCC). This implies a less complex manipulation of local velocity in the electrode gap. This paper focuses on the effect of different pre-chamber designs on spark deflection by the inflowing gas. Therefore, a test rig was developed using the spark plug thread in the cylinder head of a motored engine.