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This recommended practice applies to vibration monitoring systems for rotorcraft and fixed-wing drive trains, airframes, propulsion systems, electric power generators, and flight control systems. It addresses all aspects of metrics, including what to measure, how to measure, and how to evaluate the results.

This AIR lists and describes a collection of regulations, policy, and guidance documents applicable to design approval applicants, aircraft operating certificate holders, and maintenance repair and overhaul (MRO) organizations. The aircraft industry should consider these rules when installing IVHM technology for use in aircraft maintenance. This is a starting basis and should not be considered as complete when certification of an IVHM system is expected. The AIR’s objectives are: 1 To set the foundation for aircraft certification applicants seeking to design IVHM solutions as part of the type certificate (TC), supplemental type certificate (STC), amended TC, or amended STC activities; and 2 To set the foundation for aircraft operating certificate holders to engage with regulators to get authorization for using IVHM applications as part of an aircraft maintenance program. NOTE: This AIR’s scope is limited to the United States (U.S.)

SAE JA6097 (“Using a System Reliability Model to Optimize Maintenance”) shows how to determine which maintenance to perform on a system when that system requires corrective maintenance to achieve the lowest long-term operating cost. While this document may focus on applications to Jet Engines and Aircraft, this methodology could be applied to nearly any type of system. However, it would be most effective for systems that are tightly integrated, where a failure in any part of the system causes the entire system to go off-line, and the process of accessing a failed component can require additional maintenance on other unrelated components.

SAE JA6097 (“Using a System Reliability Model to Optimize Maintenance”) shows how to determine which maintenance to perform on a system when that system requires corrective maintenance to achieve the lowest long-term operating cost. While this document may focus on applications to Jet Engines and Aircraft, this methodology could be applied to nearly any type of system. However, it would be most effective for systems that are tightly integrated, where a failure in any part of the system causes the entire system to go off-line, and the process of accessing a failed component can require additional maintenance on other unrelated components.

To establish a specification for software input and output interfaces for condition monitoring and performance programs used to monitor equipment from multiple manufacturers. The purpose of standardizing these interfaces is to improve operational flexibility and efficiency of monitoring systems as an aid to cost effectiveness (e.g., easier implementation).

This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides insights on how to perform a cost versus benefit (C/B) analysis (CBA) to determine the return on investment that would result from implementing an integrated health management (HM) system on an air vehicle. The word “integrated” refers to the combination or “roll up” of sub-systems health management tools to create a platform-centric system. This document describes the complexity of features that can be considered in the analysis and the different tools and approaches for conducting a CBA, and it differentiates between military and commercial applications. This document is intended to help those who might not have a deep technical understanding or familiarity with HM systems but want to either quantify or understand the economic benefits (i.e., the value proposition) that an HM system could provide.

This ARP provides insights on how to perform a cost benefit analysis (CBA) to determine the return on investment that would result from implementing an integrated Health Management (HM) system on an air vehicle. The word “integrated” refers to the combination or “roll up” of sub-systems health management tools to create a platform centric system. The document describes the complexity of features that can be considered in the analysis, the different tools and approaches for conducting a CBA and differentiates between military and commercial applications. This document is intended to help those who might not necessarily have a deep technical understanding or familiarity with HM systems but want to either quantify or understand the economic benefits (i.e., the value proposition) that a HM system could provide.

This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance for the design of an integrated vehicle health management (IVHM) capability that will extend the vehicle’s inherent design to enable health management of the platform and its components. This guidance is technology-independent; the principles are generally applicable to the majority of potential IVHM design scenarios, including “clean sheet” system design, where IVHM is considered as a primary design consideration, and the retrofit design, where existing systems are modified and leveraged with the IVHM capability. In either case, this ARP provides guidance for designing the IVHM capability from the feasibility assessment to the conceptual design analysis and to the development design phases, with considerations given to trade studies, metrics, and life cycle impacts.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) examines a comprehensive construct of an Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) capability. This document provides a top-level view of the concepts, technology, and implementation practices associated with IVHM. This keystone document of the SAE HM-1 Committee is not intended as a legal document and does not provide detailed implementation steps, but does address general implementation concerns and potential benefits.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) examines a comprehensive construct of an Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) capability. This document provides a top-level view of the concepts, technology, and implementation practices associated with IVHM. This keystone document of the SAE HM-1 Committee is not intended as a legal document and does not provide detailed implementation steps, but does address general implementation concerns and potential benefits. Figure 1 provides a document flow map of the documents currently in work or planned by the Committee. The documents shown below will provide the recommended practices for IVHM implementation. This document map reflects the current SAE IVHM document configuration as of the date of publication. Future documents that are released will be included in the flow map in future updates of this document. An indication of the scope of IVHM is diagrammed in Figure 2.

This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance on developing requirements for systems that include Integrated Vehicle Health Management (IVHM) capability [REF1], [REF18]. IVHM is increasingly being implemented on military and commercial aircraft. Some examples include the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) [REF1] and the AH-64 Apache [REF3] in the military domain, and the B787 [REF4] and A350XWB [REF5] in the commercial domain. This document provides a systematic approach for developing requirements related to the IVHM capabilities of a vehicle system. This document is not intended to repeat general guidelines on good requirements writing [REF13], [REF20]. Instead, the focus is on the unique elements, which need to be considered for IVHM and the resulting specific guidelines that will help define better requirements and hence better systems. The multi-faceted nature of IVHM should include the process of requirements gathering.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance when creating integrated vehicle health management (IVHM) system architecture. IVHM covers a vehicle’s monitoring and data processing functions inherent within its sub-systems, and the tools and processes used to manage and restore the vehicle health. These guidelines are drawn from experience within both defense and commercial IVHM initiatives and implementations. The document identifies a step-by-step methodology to expose functional and non-functional requirements, mature the architecture and support organizational business goals and objectives.

This Surface Vehicle & Aerospace Recommended Practice offers best practices and a methodology by which IVHM functionality relating to components and subsystems should be integrated into vehicle or platform level applications. The intent of the document is to provide practitioners with a structured methodology for specifying, characterizing and exposing the inherent IVHM functionality of a component or subsystem using a common functional reference model, i.e., through the exchange of design-time data and the application of standard vehicle data communications interfaces. This document includes best practices and guidance related to the specification of the information that must be exchanged between the functional layers in the IVHM system or between lower-level components/subsystems and the higher-level control system to enable health monitoring and tracking of system degradation severity.

Time in Service (TIS), or flight hours, logged in maintenance records against an installed rotorcraft transmission is normally used as the “official” time on wing metric for the transmission’s component wear out inspection interval requirement and, in some instances, retirement change on life limited parts. This AIR addresses traditional methods of transmission TBO extensions and introduces rotorcraft transmission monitoring usage metrics that could be used to modify TIS inspections by tracking torque to determine both loads on life limited parts and component wear. This is a document of the SAE HM-1 Committee intended to be used as a technical information source and is not intended as a legal document or standard. This AIR does not provide detailed implementation steps, but does address general implementation, past experience, concerns and potential benefits.