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This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides guidance for a means of showing compliance with the regulations for hazards caused by the lightning environment to electrical/electronic systems installed either on or within aircraft. Equipment hazards addressed include those due to indirect effects on equipment and its associated wiring that is mounted on the aircraft exterior as well as indirect effects on equipment and its associated wiring located within the aircraft interior. This document applies to new aircraft and equipment designs, modifications of existing aircraft or equipment, and applications of existing (off the shelf) equipment on new aircraft. NOTE: This ARP does not address direct effects such as burning, eroding, blasting, of aircraft structure nor does it address fuel ignition hazards (see related reading material in 2.3 of this document). This ARP does not address lightning zoning methods or lightning test requirements, methods, and techniques.

This document is intended to provide a standardized approach for the use of simulation evidences for certification of aircraft when exposed to Lightning. The document describes how to conduct modelling and simulation for direct and indirect effects of Lightning. Guidance is provided on how to select the appropriate modelling approach, validation process, and uncertainties analysis for producing reliable evidences for certification. The document is one of a set covering the whole spectrum of aircraft interaction with lightning. Other documents relating to other aspects of the certification process, including definition of the lightning environment, zoning, and indirect effects certification are listed in Chapter XX. This document is to provide guidance on how simulation can be used in the support of ED-91/ARP5414, ARP5415/ED-158 and ARP6205/ED???. The document addresses the validation requirements of EM solvers, supporting software suites and EM simulation models.

Document provides instructions for users to apply AE-2 documents to launch vehicles. Scope is limited to launch vehicles subject to atmospheric electrical threats.

This document provides information specific to Vertical Take-Off and Landing (VTOL) aircraft in the following areas: a.) Specific considerations around airspace and operations b.) Data on Lightning External Environment (frequency and severity) c.) Unique VTOL Lightning Zoning considerations d.) Aircraft Certification Considerations

The proposed scope of the guidance document is: Part 25 certification (Civil operation (incl design, production and operational phases)) Fuel Systems (*) Methodology to demonstrate compliance with CS25.981/FAR25.981 performance requirement Methodology to implement and check compliance with CS 25.899/FAR25.899 prescriptive requirement All fuels approved to be used for aircraft worldwide operation (*) A fuel system includes any component within either the fuel tank structure or the fuel tank systems, and any airplane structure or system components that penetrate, connect to, or are located within a fuel tank.

This document is one of a set covering the whole spectrum of aircraft interaction with lightning. This document is intended to describe how to conduct lightning direct effects tests and indirect system upset effects tests. Indirect effects upset and damage tolerance tests for individual equipment items are addressed in DO-160/ED-14. Documents relating to other aspects of the certification process, including definition of the lightning environment, zoning, and indirect effects certification are listed in Section 2. This document presents test techniques for simulated lightning testing of aircraft and the associated systems. This document does not include design criteria nor does it specify which items should or should not be tested. Acceptable levels of damage and/or pass/fail criteria for the qualification tests must be approved by the cognizant certification authority for each particular case.

This document is one of a set covering the whole spectrum of aircraft interaction with lightning. This document is intended to describe how to conduct lightning direct effects tests and indirect system upset effects tests. Indirect effects upset and damage tolerance tests for individual equipment items are addressed in DO-160/ED-14. Documents relating to other aspects of the certification process, including definition of the lightning environment, zoning, and indirect effects certification are listed in Section 2. This document presents test techniques for simulated lightning testing of aircraft and the associated systems. This document does not include design criteria nor does it specify which items should or should not be tested. Acceptable levels of damage and/or pass/fail criteria for the qualification tests must be approved by the cognizant certification authority for each particular case.

This document is one of a set covering the whole spectrum of aircraft interaction with lightning. This document is intended to describe how to conduct lightning direct effects tests and indirect system upset effects tests. Indirect effects upset and damage tolerance tests for individual equipment items are addressed in DO-160/ED-14. Documents relating to other aspects of the certification process, including definition of the lightning environment, zoning, and indirect effects certification are listed in Section 2. This document presents test techniques for simulated lightning testing of aircraft and the associated systems. This document does not include design criteria nor does it specify which items should or should not be tested. Acceptable levels of damage and/or pass/fail criteria for the qualification tests must be approved by the cognizant certification authority for each particular case.

This document is intended to be a user’s manual to AC 25.954-1 on acceptable means of compliance for applicants with regards to § 25.954 at Amendment 25-146 and to encourage a consistent approach to be applied across industry. This document is also intended to be a user’s manual to AMC 25.954 on acceptable means of compliance for applicants with regards to EASA CS 25.954 at Amendment 26. The FAA Advisory Circular (AC) and the EASA Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) documents appear to provide equivalent guidance, using identical wording in most sections. Applicants should coordinate with their certifying authority to ensure that their proposed approach is acceptable, and the means of compliance and compliance data planned are sufficient for certification. It is recommended that the applicant verify that use of the guidance in this document is acceptable to their certifying authority.

This ARP provides detailed information, guidance, and methods in support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC) 20-136. AC 20-136 provides a means, but not the only means, for demonstrating compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 23.1306 (Amendment 23-61), 23.2515 (Amendment 23-64), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316. It is also intended for this ARP to provide the same information, guidance, and methods, to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification specifications CS 23.1306 (Amendment 23/4), 23.2515 (Amendment 23/5), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316, and associated Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 20-136.

This user's manual provides additional information and references relevant to identifying: (1) acceptance criteria for the indirect effects of lightning compliance approaches, (2) verification (analysis and test) methods including those associated with multiple stroke and multiple burst and (3) recommended design options to optimize needed system immunity to lightning indirect effects. Equipment hazards addressed include those due to the indirect effects on equipment mounted on the aircraft exterior and equipment located within the aircraft interior as well as all associated interconnecting wiring. This document has specific application toward those topics and subsystems addressed in ARP5413 but also provides additional guidelines in the application of those tests identified in DO-160/ED-14, Section 22.

This user's manual provides additional information and references relevant to identifying: (1) acceptance criteria for the indirect effects of lightning compliance approaches, (2) verification (analysis and test) methods including those associated with multiple stroke and multiple burst and (3) recommended design options to optimize needed system immunity to lightning indirect effects. Equipment hazards addressed include those due to the indirect effects on equipment mounted on the aircraft exterior and equipment located within the aircraft interior as well as all associated interconnecting wiring. This document has specific application toward those topics and subsystems addressed in ARP5413 but also provides additional guidelines in the application of those tests identified in DO-160/ED-14, Section 22.

This ARP provides detailed information, guidance, and methods in support of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Advisory Circular (AC) 20-136. AC 20-136 provides a means, but not the only means, for demonstrating compliance with Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR) 23.1306 (Amendment 23-61), 23.2515 (Amendment 23-64), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316. It is also intended for this ARP to provide the same information, guidance, and methods, to the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) certification specifications CS 23.1306 (Amendment 23/4), 23.2515 (Amendment 23/5), 25.1316, 27.1316, and 29.1316, and associated Acceptable Means of Compliance (AMC) 20-136.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines lightning strike zones and provides guidelines for locating them on particular aircraft, together with examples. The zone definitions and location guidelines described herein are applicable to Parts 23, 25, 27, and 29 aircraft. The zone location guidelines and examples are representative of in-flight lightning exposures.

This revision will make the following updates: - Align zone 3 direct attachment guidance with ARP5414. This will be accomplished by not making any claims about when zone 3 direct attachment is required, and allow that guidance to reside solely in ARP5414. - Correct the erroneous inclusion of component D with zone 1C.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines lightning strike zones and provides guidelines for locating them on particular aircraft, together with examples. The zone definitions and location guidelines described herein are applicable to Parts 23, 25, 27, and 29 aircraft. The zone location guidelines and examples are representative of in-flight lightning exposures.

The environment and test waveforms defined in this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) account for the best lightning data and analysis currently available. The quantified environment and levels herein represent the minimum currently required by certifying authorities, consistent with the approach applied in related lightning documents. Lightning, like other weather phenomenon, is probabilistic in nature. Levels and waveforms vary considerably from one flash to the next. Within this document, standardized voltage and current waveforms have been derived to represent the lightning environment external to an aircraft. These standardized waveforms are used to assess the effects of lightning on aircraft. The standardized external current waveforms have in turn been used to derive standardized transient voltage and current test waveforms that can be expected to appear on cable bundles and at equipment interfaces within an aircraft.

The environment and test waveforms defined in this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) account for the best lightning data and analysis currently available. The quantified environment and levels herein represent the minimum currently required by certifying authorities, consistent with the approach applied in related lightning documents. Lightning, like any natural phenomenon, is probabilistic in nature. Levels and waveforms vary considerably from one flash to the next. These standardized voltage and current waveforms have been derived to represent the lightning environment, and are used to assess the direct effects of lightning on aircraft. The standardized external current waveforms have in turn been used to derive standardized transient voltage and current waveforms which can be expected to appear on the cable bundles and at equipment interfaces.

The environment and test waveforms defined in this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) account for the best lightning data and analysis currently available. The quantified environment and levels herein represent the minimum currently required by certifying authorities, consistent with the approach applied in related lightning documents. Lightning, like any natural phenomenon, is probabilistic in nature. Levels and waveforms vary considerably from one flash to the next. These standardized voltage and current waveforms have been derived to represent the lightning environment, and are used to assess the direct effects of lightning on aircraft. The standardized external current waveforms have in turn been used to derive standardized transient voltage and current waveforms which can be expected to appear on the cable bundles and at equipment interfaces.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) defines lightning strike zones and provides guidelines for locating them on particular aircraft, together with examples. The zone definitions and location guidelines described herein are applicable to Parts 23, 25, 27, and 29 aircraft. The zone location guidelines and examples are representative of in-flight lightning exposures.