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On account of environmental friendliness, high energy conversion efficiency and high power density, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has been used for automotive application for years. However, its durability in powertrain system is one of technical challenges, which restricts the large-scale commercialization of fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). In addition to the complex aging mechanism of PEMFC, the durability and energy relationship of key components in powertrain system, including battery and DC/DC converter, have a crucial impact on the vehicle performance, which have not been thoroughly analyzed. Nowadays, most researchers have explored the causes of components degradation from models or experiments and tried to carry out the life expectancy. Nevertheless, it is in need of system-level researches on durability against the actual automotive application.

Owing to its advantages of high energy density, quick start-up, and no emissions, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is one of the most promising power sources in transportation and has been used for automotive application for years. However, shortcomings in fuel cell key performances, such as lifetime and efficiency, characterized by state of health (SOH), restrict the large-scale commercialization for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), raising demands for real-time state monitoring. Nowadays, most researchers have explored the reasons for state change from models or experiments. Nevertheless, it is in need of system-level researches on definition methods of SOH against the actual automotive application. Lacking accurate quantitative indicators, existing studies on health states are often qualitative and hence fail to consider intermediate processes.