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Today's sophisticated aircraft are required to effectively perform a variety of missions. With the advent of micro-miniaturization in electronics and advanced digital computers, a new generation of avionics equipment and systems can be utilized to increase the capabilities of the aircraft. As the quantity and variety of equipment and functions increases, the problems of inter-connecting these equipments with wires presents a constraint on size, weight, signal conditioning, reliability, maintainability and electromagnetic control. Conventional wiring has resulted in large bundles of wires and many connectors which adds excessive weight and reduces the space available for the pilot and other vital elements. This limitation can be relieved significantly by the application of well proven multiplexing techniques.

All electrical and electronic signals within an aircraft are potential candidates for multiplexing, although the determination of whether or not they are multiplexed is a matter for individual system consideration. However, those signals that are selected for multiplexing preferably should conform to the characteristics included in this AIR.

The purpose of this Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to provide recommendations on the use of four types of discrete signal interfaces for unidirectional, low power, low frequency transmission of discrete information.

Develop a profile of the TSN set of standards that is applicable to Avionics use cases, including AS6509 CAIN

This standard defines a broadband time division command/response multiplex data bus that co-exists and permits concurrent operation with a MIL-STD-1553 Data Bus and MIL-STD-1760 Appendix C. This standard allows utilization of legacy MIL-STD-1553 wiring and bus coupling.

Fibre Channel is the primary avionics bus on many modern military aircraft. It is also the defined High-Speed bus for MIL-STD-1760E weapons applications. Profiled Ethernet networks are the primary avionics bus in many commercial aircraft and Commercial Ethernet is an ever increasing presence in modern military aircraft as well. This network standard is a convergence of Fibre Channel and Ethernet into a unified network standard which will provide a seamless approach to integrating end systems from either technology into a merged network structure. This work is based upon the commercial data storage market industry’s work on the Converged Data Storage Network or FCoE (Fibre Channel over Ethernet). This effort will look at profiling the FCoE work done in the commercial industry and adding information where necessary to affect a networking standard that will seamlessly integrate end systems from Commercial Ethernet, Fibre Channel, or FCoE enhanced devices.

The emphasis in this standard is the development of data word and message formats for AS15531 or MIL-STD-1553 data bus applications. This standard is intended as a guide for the designer to identify standard data words and messages for use in avionics systems and subsystems. These standard words and messages, as well as the documentation format for interface control document (ICD) sheets, provide the basis for defining 15531/1553 systems. Also provided in this standard is the method for developing additional data word formats and messages that may be required by a particular system but are not covered by the formats provided herein. It is essential that any new word formats or message formats that are developed for a 15531/1553 application follow the fundamental guidelines established in this standard in order to ease future standardization of these words and messages. The standard word formats presented represent a composite result of studies conducted by the U.S.

The emphasis in this standard is the development of data word and message formats for AS15531 or MIL-STD-1553 data bus applications. This standard is intended as a guide for the designer to identify standard data words and messages for use in avionics systems and subsystems. These standard words and messages, as well as the documentation format for interface control document (ICD) sheets, provide the basis for defining 15531/1553 systems. Also provided in this standard is the method for developing additional data word formats and messages that may be required by a particular system but are not covered by the formats provided herein. It is essential that any new word formats or message formats that are developed for a 15531/1553 application follow the fundamental guidelines established in this standard in order to ease future standardization of these words and messages. The standard word formats presented represent a composite result of studies conducted by the U.S.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains requirements for a digital time division command/response multiplex data bus, for use in systems integration, that is functionally equivalent to MIL-STD-1553B with Notice 2. Even with the use of this document, differences may exist between multiplex data buses in different system applications due to particular application requirements and the options allowed in this document. The system designer must recognize this fact and design the multiplex bus controller (BC) hardware and software to accommodate such differences. These designer selected options must exist to allow the necessary flexibility in the design of specific multiplex systems in order to provide for the control mechanism, architectural redundancy, degradation concept, and traffic patterns peculiar to the specific application requirements.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) contains requirements for a digital time division command/response multiplex data bus, for use in systems integration, that is functionally equivalent to MIL-STD-1553B with Notice 2. Even with the use of this document, differences may exist between multiplex data buses in different system applications due to particular application requirements and the options allowed in this document. The system designer must recognize this fact and design the multiplex bus controller (BC) hardware and software to accommodate such differences. These designer selected options must exist to allow the necessary flexibility in the design of specific multiplex systems in order to provide for the control mechanism, architectural redundancy, degradation concept, and traffic patterns peculiar to the specific application requirements.

This ARP establishes guidelines for the use of IEEE-802.3 as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. It encompasses the data cable and its connections for a system utilizing 10Base-T, 100Base-T, 1000BASE-T and 10GBASE-T over copper medium dependent interfaces (MDI). This document contains extensions/restrictions to “off-the-shelf” IEEE-802.3 standards, and assumes that the reader already has a working knowledge of IEEE-802.3.

A fault tolerant, real time high speed data communication standard is defined based on a ring topology and the use of a Token passing access method with distributed control. The requirements for the HSRB standard have been driven predominantly, but not exclusively, by military applications. Particular attention has been given to the need for low message latency, deterministic message priority and comprehensive reconfiguration capabilities. This document contains a definition of the semantics and protocol including delimiters, tokens, message priority, addressing, error detection and recovery schemes; and is written to be independent of bit rate and media. Parameters related to particular media and bit rates are defined in separate documents, the AS4075 slash sheets.

This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been prepared by the Systems Applications and Requirements Subcommittee of SAE Committee AS-2. It is intended to provide guidance primarily, but not exclusively, for specifiers and designers of data communication systems for real time military avionics applications within a platform. The subject of high speed data transmission is addressed from two standpoints: (1) the influence of developments in technology on avionics architectures as a whole and (2) the way in which specific problems, such as video, voice, closed loop control, and security may be handled. While the material has been prepared against a background of experience within SAE AS-2 relating to the development of a family of high speed interconnect standards, reference to specific standards and interconnect systems is minimized.

This Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been prepared by the Systems Applications and Requirements Subcommittee of SAE Committee AS-2. It is intended to provide guidance primarily, but not exclusively, for specifiers and designers of data communication systems for real time military avionics applications within a platform. The subject of high speed data transmission is addressed from two standpoints: (1) the influence of developments in technology on avionics architectures as a whole and (2) the way in which specific problems, such as video, voice, closed loop control, and security may be handled. While the material has been prepared against a background of experience within SAE AS-2 relating to the development of a family of high speed interconnect standards, reference to specific standards and interconnect systems is minimized.

MIL-STD-1553 establishes requirements for digital command/response time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques on military vehicles, especially aircraft. The existing MIL-STD-1553 network operates at a bit rate of 1 Mbps and is limited by the protocol to a maximum data payload capacity of approximately 700 kilobits per second. The limited capacity of MIL-STD-1553 buses coupled with emerging data rich applications for avionics platforms plus the expense involved with changing or adding wires to thousands of aircraft in the fleet has driven the need for expanding the data carrying capacity of the existing MIL-STD-1553 infrastructure.

MIL-STD-1553 establishes requirements for digital command/response time division multiplexing (TDM) techniques on military vehicles, especially aircraft. The existing MIL-STD-1553 network operates at a bit rate of 1 Mbps and is limited by the protocol to a maximum data payload capacity of approximately 700 kilobits per second. The limited capacity of MIL-STD-1553 buses coupled with emerging data rich applications for avionics platforms plus the expense involved with changing or adding wires to thousands of aircraft in the fleet has driven the need for expanding the data carrying capacity of the existing MIL-STD-1553 infrastructure.

AS5653 may be applied to Air Vehicles and Stores implementing MIL-STD-1760 Interface Standard for Aircraft/Store Electrical Interconnection System.

A fault tolerant, real time high speed data communication standard is defined based on a ring topology and the use of a Token passing access method with distributed control. The requirements for the HSRB standard have been driven predominantly, but not exclusively, by military applications. Particular attention has been given to the need for low message latency, deterministic message priority and comprehensive reconfiguration capabilities. This document contains a definition of the semantics and protocol including delimiters, tokens, message priority, addressing, error detection and recovery schemes; and is written to be independent of bit rate and media. Parameters related to particular media and bit rates are defined in separate documents, the AS4075 slash sheets.

Define IEEE-1394 Beta PHY Enhancements that drive faster 1394 port connects and increased robustness. These enhancements include Detect loss of descrambler synchronization, Fast-ReTrain, Fast Power-on Re-connect, Fast Connection Tone Debounce and Programmable invalidCount.

IEEE-1394b, Interface Requirements for Military and Aerospace Vehicle Applications, establishes the requirements for the use of IEEE Std 1394™-2008 as a data bus network in military and aerospace vehicles. The portion of IEEE Std 1394™-2008 standard used by AS5643 is referred to as IEEE-1394 Beta (formerly referred to as IEEE-1394b.) It defines the concept of operations and information flow on the network. As discussed in 1.4, this specification contains extensions/restrictions to “off-the-shelf” IEEE-1394 standards and assumes the reader already has a working knowledge of IEEE-1394. This document is referred to as the “base” specification, containing the generic requirements that specify data bus characteristics, data formats, and node operation.