PC-Crash simulations of staged collisions require dozens of parameters describing vehicle and impact parameters. The Collision Optimizer will vary initial speeds and impact parameters to obtain a best....
The importance of friction applications in the field of collision reconstruction is well recognized in published research. However, tire-road frictional drag values (μ-values) are partially dependent ....
Vehicles often rotate during traffic collisions due to impact forces or excessive steering maneuvers. In analyzing these situations, accident reconstructionists need to apply accurate deceleration rat....
Evaluation of vehicle impacts may involve the use of computer simulations. While simulation programs with two-dimensional impact models have been used for decades, more recent three-dimensional impact....
Critical speed yaw marks are commonly used in collision reconstruction to estimate vehicle speed. Research and laboratory testing have demonstrated that critical speed calculations can be used to accu....
The purpose of this study was to determine if quasi-static (QS) bumper force-deformation (F-D) data could be used in a low-speed bumper-to-bumper simulation model (1) in order to reconstruct low-speed....
The distance, velocity and acceleration characteristics versus time of heavy trucks for use in accident reconstruction have been the subject of studies by Grimes and others. To date, the majority of t....
The use of stiffness coefficients is a well-established method for estimating the crush energy of passenger vehicles involved in frontal impact. This methodology, as well as other crush energy models,....
There is a limited amount of data currently available on the acceleration and braking performances of school buses. This paper analyzes the braking performance of various Type A and Type C school buse....
