Euro 5/6 light-duty vehicle emissions regulation introduced non-volatile particle number emission measurements. The particle number measurement system consists of a volatile removal unit followed by a....
Exhaust gas temperature is often measured with a device such as thermocouple or RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector). An alternative method to determine the gas temperature would be to use an existin....
In the environmentally conscious world we live in, auto manufacturers are under extreme pressure to reduce tailpipe emissions from cars and trucks. The manufacturers have responded by creating clean-b....
The regulation of particle number (PN) has been introduced in the Euro 5/6 light-duty vehicle legislation, as a result of the light duty inter-laboratory exercise of the Particle Measurement Program (....
The investigations into the emissions from light-duty vehicles have been carried out on a chassis dynamometer (NEDC test in Europe and FTP75 test in the US). Such tests do not entirely reflect the rea....
The effects of several operating parameters on dual fuel combustion at light load were investigated by means of direct endoscopic observation of the process. Therefore, an intense experimental campaig....
Nitrogen oxide (NOx) sensing is required both for on-board diagnosis and optimal selective catalytic reduction (SCR)-catalyst control in heavy duty diesel engines. This can be accomplished either by p....
A Constant Volume Sampler (CVS) over dilutes the exhaust gas sample when testing Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV). This is because the CVS continues to fill the sample bag when the engine is sh....
Two major trends can be identified for powertrain control in the next decade. The legislation will more and more focus on in-use emissions. Together with the global trend to reduce the CO₂ emissions, ....
A Benchtop Engine System (BES) is described to evaluate the NOx emission characteristics of diesel fuels. The BES enables the efficient testing of the combustion and NOx emission features of alternati....
In Biodiesel Fuel Research Working Group(WG) of Japan Auto-Oil Program(JATOP), some impacts of high biodiesel blends have been investigated from the viewpoints of fuel properties, stability, emissions....
Green House Gas (GHGs) emission reduction has gained large prominence globally due to the climate change. Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) emission from transportation has significant share on global warming. Ther....
Advances in aftertreatment technologies, such as Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) and Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts, have responded to increasingly stringent PM and NO requirements for....
The actual type approval procedure of vehicles, based on a fixed driving cycle for all the vehicles (NEDC), is not representative of their real on-road usage: the driving style and its influence on co....
Several vehicle-level test procedures exist for measuring and analyzing volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions from new vehicle interiors. In this paper, four vehicle-level procedures were examined....
The control of transient emissions from turbocharged diesel engines remains an important objective to manufacturers, since newly produced engines must meet the stringent criteria concerning exhaust em....
Analysis of non-legislated engine-emission components, with different exhaust-gas after-treatment techniques, is an important air quality objective. This paper reports the results for various nitrogen....
Many exhaust gas analyzers only calculate the Air Fuel Ratio (AF) based on equations derived for the special case of combustion without exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and therefore do not represent ....
On-board Particulate Matter (PM) mass calibration (OB-PMMC) is an approach to calibrate a real-time PM sensor with the gravimetric PM mass being collected on a conventional filter. The real-time PM se....
A Euro 2 SI (Spark Ignition) Mondeo was investigated for a fully warmed-up vehicle on a simple urban driving loop. Emissions were monitored using an on-board Horiba OBS (On-Board emission measurement ....
