Browse Publications Technical Papers 2003-01-0165
2003-03-03

Injury Pattern and Tolerance of Human Pelvis Under Lateral Loading Simulating Car-pedestrian Impact 2003-01-0165

Numerous studies of pelvic tolerance to lateral impact aimed at protecting car occupants have been conducted on Post Mortem Human Subjects (PMHSs) in a sitting posture. However, it remains unclear whether or not the results of these studies are relevant when evaluating the injury risk to walking pedestrians impacted by a car. Therefore, the first objective of the present study is to determine the injury tolerance and to describe the injury mechanisms of the human pelvis in lateral impacts simulating car-pedestrian accidents. The second objective is to obtain data for validation of mathematical models of the pelvis.
In-vitro experiments were conducted on twelve PMHSs in simulated standing position. The trochanter of each PMHS was hit by a ram at speed of 32 km/h, and the pelvic motion was constrained by a bolt. This type of pelvic constraint is difficult to simulate in mathematical models. Therefore, in order to fulfill the second objective of our study, additional experiments on PMHSs were conducted using a simplified setup in which the pelvis was supported on the surface of a rigid block. When investigating the results obtained under both setups, the peak values of the impact force and pelvic deformation were analized. Injury was assessed by dissecting the pelvic area.
The main injuries were to the pelvic ring and pubic ramus. Based on the present data regarding impact force and pelvic injury, the risk curve of pelvic fracture wasdetermined. This risk curve indicates that the impact force values of 8.9 kN and 9.6 kN correspond to a 0.2 and 0.5 probability of pelvic fracture, respectively.

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