Browse Publications Technical Papers 2003-01-0166
2003-03-03

Injury Risk Functions for the 5 th Percentile Female Upper Extremity 2003-01-0166

The widespread implementation of air bags has increased the incidence of upper extremity injuries in the automotive crash environment. The first step in reducing these injuries is to determine applicable upper extremity injury criteria. The purpose of this paper is to develop injury risk functions for the fifth percentile female forearm, humerus, wrist, and elbow. Injury tolerance data for each anatomical region were gathered from experiments with controlled impact loading of disarticulated small female cadaver upper extremities. This technique allowed for the applied load to be directly quantified. All data were mass scaled to the fifth percentile female. In order to develop the risk functions, the logit distribution was integrated for the uncensored data, while logistic regression and generalized estimating equations statistical analysis techniques were used for censored data. The risk functions predict a 50% risk of injury at 128 Nm bending of the humerus, 58 Nm bending of the forearm, 1700 N axial loading of the wrist, and 1780 N axial loading of the elbow. A modified dummy upper extremity has been designed for the evaluation of frontal and side air bag interactions, and it is recommended that the injury criteria be implemented directly in the dummy upper extremity.

SAE MOBILUS

Subscribers can view annotate, and download all of SAE's content. Learn More »

Access SAE MOBILUS »

Members save up to 16% off list price.
Login to see discount.
Special Offer: Download multiple Technical Papers each year? TechSelect is a cost-effective subscription option to select and download 12-100 full-text Technical Papers per year. Find more information here.
We also recommend:
TECHNICAL PAPER

Fracture Tolerance of the Small Female Elbow Joint in Compression: The Effect of Load Angle Relative to the Long Axis of the Forearm

2002-22-0010

View Details

TECHNICAL PAPER

Safety Belt Testing Apparatus

2015-01-1485

View Details

TECHNICAL PAPER

Corrigendum to Volunteer Kinematics and Reaction in Lateral Emergency Maneuver Tests [Stapp Car Crash Journal 57 (2013) 313-342]

2013-22-0013.01

View Details

X