Research into New Emission Control Techniques for Motorcycles to Achieve the EURO-3 Regulation 2004-32-0032

This emission reduction technique has been researched on motorcycles equipped with a four-cylinder, liquid-cooled engine of 1100cm³ displacement in order to comply with the EURO-3 emission regulation. The EURO-3 emission regulation will be enforced in Europe beginning in year 2006. Compared to the EURO-2 regulation, reduction of cold-start HC and reduction of NOx from the extra-urban driving cycle are the main issues for EURO-3 compliance. The hydrocarbon reduction during cold-starting was achieved by the method of early catalyst activation using a combination of an Idle Air Control Valve system (IACV), ignition-retard, and atomization of fuel spray. In the extra-urban driving cycle, the fine controlled air-fuel ratio reduced. In addition, optimization of the number of three-way catalyst cells and their capacity also reduced NOx. Moreover, power loss decline caused by increased exhaust resistance due to increasing the catalyst size was avoided by optimizing the catalyst location. These techniques have maintained power and drivability while complying to the EURO-3 regulation.