A Simplified Motorcycle Model 2007-01-0829

Motorcycle models in the literature are derived using the Lagrangian formulation approach and are generally complex in order to satisfy the requirement for accuracy of the response. The objective of this paper is to develop a simplified motorcycle model, which although reduced in complexity, captures fundamental dynamic behavior. The resulting model will have two main uses. The first use will be as an explanatory aid to introduce engineers to the dynamics of motorcycles. The second application for the motorcycle model developed in this paper is for incorporation in active bike control stability systems. This is a subtly different objective to models required for simulation only where accuracy of the response is of paramount importance. The same motorcycle model concepts will be used in the paper to develop both a transient non-linear and linearised steady state model. The models will be validated by running simple test cases using typical motorcycle parameters and the responses checked for consistency with the chosen sign conventions and expected responses. Additionally, the linear steady state version of the model will be used to illustrate the wobble, weave and capsize modes of the motorcycle response.