Impact of n -Butanol on the Performance, Emission, and Combustion Parameters of Diesel Engine Fueled with Blends of Kalonji ( Nigella sativa ) Biodiesel 2020-01-5100

In the present investigation, oxygenated blend of Kalonji (Nigella sativa) biodiesel-mineral diesel was fueled in a compression ignition engine at variable compression ratios. The Kalonji biodiesel was prepared using a two-stage transesterification process with parameters such as 6:1 methanol to oil molar ratio and 65°C reaction temperature for 120 minutes. The diesel-Kalonji biodiesel blend was used in a 4.4 kW eddy current dynamometer loaded with single-cylinder CI engine. The emission, performance, and combustion characteristics were determined and compared against the base fuel (mineral diesel). Further, 10% of n-butanol, an oxygenated additive, was blended with the diesel-Kalonji biodiesel fuel blend to analysis its impact on emission, performance, and combustion parameters. Moreover, the experimentation was conducted with variable compression ratios (CR 17:1, CR 17.5:1, and CR 18:1) to understand its influence on performance, emission, and combustion aspects.