State-of-the-Art and Technical Trends of Road-Based Autonomous Driving System 2020-01-5201

The evolution of concepts, development of technology, and future changes in autonomous driving and intelligent roads were reviewed in this paper. According to the current development trend in information technology and the history of vehicle-road interaction for development, the coupling relationship between vehicle and road is explored. The concept and technical framework of Road-based Autonomous Driving System (RADS) have been put forward. In terms of all the characteristics of RADS, a vehicle-road integrated system architecture is constructed and the basic functions and requirements of “client”, “edge”, “cloud” and “network” in the architecture is specified. Meanwhile, it emphasized the current popular technology and the future development direction of technology, and summarized the research conditions of emerging technologies in rapid development of RADS, such as high precision location based services, complementary holographic information, vehicle road communication technology, management and control technology of connected vehicle, human machine interface (HMI), infrastructure supporting autonomous driving, information safety, testing and evaluation, etc. In terms of the characteristics of RADS, this paper puts forward three technical systems that should be developed in the future: the multi-level collaborative decision-making system, vehicle-road perception information fusion system and multi-dimensional information release system. Besides, the researchers point out that for a long time the transportation system was composed of vehicles and roads of different intelligence levels. In the end, the paper expounds that RADS is an effective supplement to the development of autonomous driving. The application of RADS will further reduce the cost of technologies and equipment in autonomous driving, providing a safer, more stable and efficient traffic environment for autonomous driving in the future. The research results of this paper possess reference significance for current and future technology research and development of RADS and engineering applications of RADS.