The Effect of Image Stabilization on PhotoModeler Project Accuracy 2024-01-2474

Optical Image Stabilization (OIS) is a technology used in cameras and camcorders to reduce blur and shaky images or videos caused by unintentional camera movements. The primary goal of OIS is to counteract motion and maintain the stability of the image being captured, resulting in clearer, sharper, and more stable photos and videos. PhotoModeler, a photogrammetry software, advises users to turn off OIS on their cameras. Since the iPhone 7, OIS has become standard on all iPhones and cannot be deactivated. When calibrating an iPhone camera for photogrammetry, the OIS affects the calibration project's marking residual. In photogrammetry and 3D modeling terminology, "marking residual" typically refers to the difference between the observed image points and the corresponding points predicted by the photogrammetric process and refers to pixels. In other words, it represents the error between the actual image measurements and the values calculated by the photogrammetric algorithm. Because of OIS, the marking residual for the calibration project for an OIS-equipped camera is often outside the range recommended by PhotoModeler. As camera phones are now ubiquitous, this study aims to understand the effect of the OIS in modern camera phones on the accuracy of a PhotoModeler project. PhotoModeler projects were done using photographs taken with iPhone 7, 8, XS, 11, 12, 13, and 14 Pro models, all equipped with OIS. The results of this study demonstrate that for OIS-equipped cameras, approximately 95 percent of points measured via a calibrated camera project were within 1 to 11 mm (0.04 to 0.42 inches) of their true position, approximately 95 percent of points measured via an exemplar camera project were within 1 to 12 mm (0.03 to 0.48 inches) of their true position, and approximately 95 percent of points measured via a targetless exemplar camera project were within 1 to 14 mm (0.04 to 0.54 inches) of their true position.