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Comparative automobile field tests in private commuter, taxicab, and highway service are shown for both SAE 10W-30 and a carefully compounded SAE 10W-40 oil. Observations of cylinder and piston ring wear, crankcase deposits, PCV valve cleanliness, and oil economy are reported.

An SAE 10W-40 high quality part-synthetic heavy duty diesel engine oil was found to generate over 20% less particulate matter than two fully synthetic products of higher performance specification (SAE 5W-40 and 10W-40), whereas the fully synthetic oils showed a 10% reduction in Nox. ...An SAE 10W-40 high quality part-synthetic heavy duty diesel engine oil was found to generate over 20% less particulate matter than two fully synthetic products of higher performance specification (SAE 5W-40 and 10W-40), whereas the fully synthetic oils showed a 10% reduction in Nox. All three oils are commercially available.

The ABINGDON 1-J test has been used to evaluate both 5W30 and 10W40 oils of Super High Performance Diesel quality. Performance of both mineral and synthetic basestocks are considered.

Viscosity losses are also reported for a variety of commercial 10W-40 grade service station engine oils, when tested by this procedure.

This work has focused primarily on the influence of the Viscosity Index (VI) improver on the low temperature pumpability performance of SAE 15W-40, SAE 10W-30 and SAE 10W-40 engine oils. In addition, we have also addressed the issue of whether or not the current SAE J300 MRV viscosity limit is appropriate for engine oils used in heavy duty diesel engines.

It was also found that a 10W-40 oil can give better oil economy than single-grade SAE 30 or 40 oils. The longer crankcase oil drain interval recommendations in the new car owner’s manuals have increased the chances for the car owner to detect a difference in economy between two oils.

Extension of these additive systems to formulate “world-class” oils in SAE 10W-30 and 10W-40 viscosity grades will also be discussed.

Crankcase oils were represented by two types (1) a 5W-30 API SJ/ILSAC GF-2 type engine oil and (2) a 10W-40 API SH/CF ACEA A3/ B3-96 engine oil. The program showed that specific selection of oil additive chemistry may reduce formation of intake valve deposits in GDI cars..

In this work, the piston ring and cylinder liner were rig tested for friction and wear on a short reciprocating tester with two oils: a fully formulated SAE 10W-40 API CI-4/ACEA E7 and a sample of the same oil after 500 h of an engine test. Friction was measured along with the rig test, and liner wear was evaluated after test by different parameters based on the bearing curve of roughness.

In particular three oil parameters were considered: SAE grade (5W-30 vs 10W-40), basestock nature (mineral vs synthetic) and viscosity index improver nature (Olefin vs styrene-isoprene copolymers).

A matrix of test oils varying in viscosity (SAE 5W-20 to 10W-40), friction modifier (FM) level and chemistry (MoDTC and organic FM), and basestock chemistry (mineral and synthetic) was investigated.

Friction reducing technologies include the use of a low-friction TiSiCN nanocomposite coating applied to the piston rings, a lubricant viscosity study with engine oils ranging between SAE 0W-16 to SAE 10W-40 viscosity grades, and the impact of a special organic friction modifying oil additive. Results indicate that significant reductions in friction may be obtained using specialty coatings and optimized lubricating oils.

The design of diesel engines specifically for truck applications has to take account of both legislative and market requirements. The biggest challenge currently is the emission and noise legislation, demanding new engine concepts. Competitive factors such as engine efficiency or specific power output will decide the marketing success now and in future. Alternative designs are discussed in view of current and future requirements, and an advanced truck engine concept is derived.

This new book provides a comprehensive overview of various lubrication aspects of a typical powertrain system including the engine, transmission, driveline, chassis, and other components. The manual addresses major issues and current development status of automotive lubricant test methods. Topics also cover advanced lubrication and tribochemistry of the powertrain system, such as diesel fuel lubrication, specialized automotive lubricant testing development, filtration testing of automotive lubricants, lubrication of constant velocity joints, and biodegradable automotive lubricants.