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Enemy threats during Operation Desert Storm drove many Allied ground attack aircraft to medium altitude to deliver their weapons. Although many Precision Guided Munitions (PGMs) proved to be highly accurate at increased heights, the majority of bombs dropped from medium altitude were low-drag general purpose bombs (LDGP). ...Although many Precision Guided Munitions (PGMs) proved to be highly accurate at increased heights, the majority of bombs dropped from medium altitude were low-drag general purpose bombs (LDGP). The aircraft carrying the LDGPs traded accuracy for altitude in order to reduce the risk to aircraft and crews.

The research is a part of an ongoing EU funded aircraft industry project – ADFAST*. The ADFAST project tries to implement the use of industrial robots in low-volume production, high-demand-on-accuracy operations and for dynamic force compensation.

The resultant improvements in aircraft capability (727 and B-52) and economic viability to airlines (7271 produce aircraft uniquely suited to today's operational requirements and constrained equipment budgets. ...Offering aircraft fuel efficiency improvements of 30 to 40% over the powerplants it will replace, PW2037 retrofit in the 727-200 Advanced and B-52 aircraft is attracting heightened interest. ...Offering aircraft fuel efficiency improvements of 30 to 40% over the powerplants it will replace, PW2037 retrofit in the 727-200 Advanced and B-52 aircraft is attracting heightened interest. A comparison of PW2037 technical characteristics with current aircraft powerplants substantiates the improvement potential.The engine installation and modifications necessary for aircraft system compatibility do not impose significant increases in complexity or cost.

Changes in air transport operating environment are examined to show how they are beginning to change the design and use of transport aircraft. The essential requirement of the changing market is seen to be a new flexibility to provide (a) versatility in the quantity of normal on-demand seats provided in each market, (b) suitability for high capacity seasonal bulk class operations, and (c) suitability for expanding the cargo load capability on selected passenger flights.

., delivering the most productive, most efficient, most successful freighter aircraft into the marketplace.

The experimental procedure employed to define the natural modes of vibration of the 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft and Space Shuttle Orbiter mated configuration is described. A discussion of test results and comparison to structural analysis results is also included.

The Automated Spar Assembly Tool (ASAT II) at the Everett, Washington, 777 Boeing manufacturing facility could be the largest automated fastening cell in the commercial aircraft industry. Based on the success of the ASAT I, Boeing's 767 spar assembly tool, the 285-foot long ASAT II cell was needed to accurately position and fasten the major spar components (chords and web), then locate and fasten over 100 components (ribposts and stiffeners) to assemble the 777 forward and rear wing spars.

This paper describes the wing and engine ice protection system, used on all 777 aircraft. The 777 ice protection system is unique in two ways: it has an advanced control system which minimizes aircraft power consumption. ...The 777 ice protection system is unique in two ways: it has an advanced control system which minimizes aircraft power consumption. In addition, the system was procured by the prime contractor, Boeing, as a fully integrated subsystem from a single supplier.

Fabrication and assembly of the majority of control surfaces for Boeing’s 777X airplane is completed at the Boeing Defense, Space and Security (BDS) site in St. Louis, Missouri. The former 777 airplane has been revamped to compete with affordability goals and contentious markets requiring cost-effective production technologies with high maturity and reliability. With tens of thousands of fasteners per shipset, the tasks of drilling, countersinking, hole inspection, and temporary fastener installation are automated. Additionally and wherever possible, blueprint fasteners are automatically installed. Initial production is supported by four (4) Electroimpact robotic systems embedded into a pulse-line production system requiring strategic processing and safeguarding solutions to manage several key layout, build and product flow constraints.

Air Force XB-70 and B-1 bombers and a number of European aircraft including the tornado multirole combat aircraft and the Concorde supersonic transport. ...This is primarily due to higher aerodynamic loading, combined with the increased hydraulic functions and operations of each new aircraft. At the same time, aircraft structures and wings have been getting smaller and thinner as mission requirements expand. ...Shortly after World War II, as aircraft became more sophisticated and power-assist, flight-control functions became a requirement, hydraulic system operating pressures rose from the 1000 psi level to the 3000 psi level found on most aircraft today.

Air Force XB-70 and B-1 bombers and a number of European aircraft including the tornado multirole combat aircraft and the Concorde supersonic transport. ...This is primarily due to higher aerodynamic loading, combined with the increased hydraulic functions and operations of each new aircraft. At the same time, aircraft structures and wings have been getting smaller and thinner as mission requirements expand. ...Shortly after World War II, as aircraft became more sophisticated and power-assist, flight-control functions became a requirement, hydraulic system operating pressures rose from the 1000 psi level to the 3000 psi level found on most aircraft today.

The 912 engine is a well known 4-cylinder horizontally opposed 4-stroke liquid-/air-cooled aircraft engine. The 912 family has a strong track record: 40 000 engines sold / 25 000 still in operation / 5 million flight hours annually. 88% of all light aircraft OEMs use Rotax engines. ...The 912 family has a strong track record: 40 000 engines sold / 25 000 still in operation / 5 million flight hours annually. 88% of all light aircraft OEMs use Rotax engines. The 912iS is an evolution of the Rotax 912ULS carbureted engine. ...The “i” stands for electronic fuel injection which has been developed according to flight standards, providing a better fuel efficiency over the current 912ULS of more than 20% and in a range of 38% to 70% compared to other competitive engines in the light sport, ultra-light aircraft and the general aviation industry. BRP engineers have incorporated several technology enhancements.

This document identifies the basic elements and provides a standard for structuring operator self-verification programs within the aviation, space, and defense industry for producers of commercial and military aircraft and weapons platforms, space vehicles, and all related hardware, software, electronics, engines, and composite components.

This system, which consists of a solid state FMCW transceiver, antenna and digital signal processor, has an update rate of 10 times per second, 0.35° azimuth resolution and up to 3.5 meter range resolution.

However, when dealing with complex systems of systems and highly miniaturized technologies, like UAVs, or with machines with millions of parts, a commercial aircraft is a case in point, new technologies taking advantage of Augmented Reality can rapidly and effectively support the maintenance operations. ...This device is connected by internet to a maintenance centre located in the aircraft manufacturer facilities. The on-site operator can directly access to multimedia content and historical information and can be helped or guided remotely by expert engineers residing at the manufacturer company offices.

This paper presents an application of Bayesian Belief Networks for modeling the uncertainty in aircraft safety diagnostics. Belief networks or influence diagrams represent possible means to efficiently model uncertain causal relationships among components of a system. ...A HUGIN prototype is dicussed to illustrate how a Bayesian approach could be used to support the decision search routine of aircraft safety inspectors when diagnosing equipment of subsystem malfunctions. The example focuses on diagnostic procedures for assessing aircraft tire condition. ...The example focuses on diagnostic procedures for assessing aircraft tire condition.

Northrop Grumman believes this technology is ideally suited to weight and volume critical missile and aircraft applications. Recently, we tested a 28.5 lb., nominal 28 volt, 28 Ah battery designed to demonstrate the capability of a large thermal battery to provide prime power for missiles.

This paper discusses various engine installations in Naval aircraft, looking especially at their costs of maintenance. Fuel systems, fuel control systems, and several engine accessories are discussed for present and future engines. ...It is concluded that simple, reliable equipment is necessary to keep aircraft in the air instead of in maintenance areas on the ground.

The business jet aircraft market continues to be a strong and growing market. Products must satisfy unique customer requirements. ...The expectation of dramatic future advances occurring within the business aircraft environment is unavoidable.