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Classical vehicle production had over a long period limitation in bringing the driving commands to the actuators for vehicle motion (Engine, Steering, Braking). Steering columns, hydraulic tubes or steel cables needed to be placed between driver and actuator. Change begun with introduction of e-gas systems. Mechanical cables were replaced by thin electric signal wires. For addressing the steering and braking systems, the technical solutions and legal standardizations were not given at this point of time. Nowadays the OEM are starting huge EE-Architecture transformation for manifold reasons and they have the chance to get rid of long hydraulic tubes for braking and solid metal columns for steering. X-by-wire is the keyword, also driven by the plans for higher AD (Autonomous Driving) levels for automated driving vehicles. Driven by new requirement (AD) it also offers new opportunities to design the vehicle in-cabin room.

Cyber security is becoming increasingly critical in the car industry. Not only the entry points to the external world in the car need to be protected against potential attack, but also the on-board communication in the car require to be protected against attackers who may try to send unauthorized CAN messages. However, the current CAN network was not designed with security in mind. As a result, the extra measures have to be taken to address the key security properties of the secure CAN communication, including data integrity, authenticity, confidentiality and freshness. While integrity and authenticity can be achieved by using a relatively straightforward algorithms such as CMAC (Cipher-based Message Authentication Code) and Confidentiality can be handled by a symmetric encryption algorithm like AES128 (128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard), it has been recognized to be more challenging to achieve the freshness of CAN message.