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Journal Article

A Centrally Managed Identity-Anonymized CAN Communication System*

2018-05-16
Abstract Identity-Anonymized CAN (IA-CAN) protocol is a secure CAN protocol, which provides the sender authentication by inserting a secret sequence of anonymous IDs (A-IDs) shared among the communication nodes. To prevent malicious attacks from the IA-CAN protocol, a secure and robust system error recovery mechanism is required. This article presents a central management method of IA-CAN, named the IA-CAN with a global A-ID, where a gateway plays a central role in the session initiation and system error recovery. Each ECU self-diagnoses the system errors, and (if an error happens) it automatically resynchronizes its A-ID generation by acquiring the recovery information from the gateway. We prototype both a hardware version of an IA-CAN controller and a system for the IA-CAN with a global A-ID using the controller to verify our concept.
Journal Article

A Deep Neural Network Attack Simulation against Data Storage of Autonomous Vehicles

2023-09-29
Abstract In the pursuit of advancing autonomous vehicles (AVs), data-driven algorithms have become pivotal in replacing human perception and decision-making. While deep neural networks (DNNs) hold promise for perception tasks, the potential for catastrophic consequences due to algorithmic flaws is concerning. A well-known incident in 2016, involving a Tesla autopilot misidentifying a white truck as a cloud, underscores the risks and security vulnerabilities. In this article, we present a novel threat model and risk assessment (TARA) analysis on AV data storage, delving into potential threats and damage scenarios. Specifically, we focus on DNN parameter manipulation attacks, evaluating their impact on three distinct algorithms for traffic sign classification and lane assist.
Journal Article

A Systematic Mapping Study on Security Countermeasures of In-Vehicle Communication Systems

2021-11-16
Abstract The innovations of vehicle connectivity have been increasing dramatically to enhance the safety and user experience of driving, while the rising numbers of interfaces to the external world also bring security threats to vehicles. Many security countermeasures have been proposed and discussed to protect the systems and services against attacks. To provide an overview of the current states in this research field, we conducted a systematic mapping study (SMS) on the topic area “security countermeasures of in-vehicle communication systems.” A total of 279 papers are identified based on the defined study identification strategy and criteria. We discussed four research questions (RQs) related to the security countermeasures, validation methods, publication patterns, and research trends and gaps based on the extracted and classified data. Finally, we evaluated the validity threats and the whole mapping process.
Standard

AIRCRAFT SERVER, COMMUNICATIONS, AND INTERFACE STANDARD

2021-11-10
CURRENT
ARINC679
ARINC Report 679 defines the functional characteristics of an airborne server that will support Electronic Flight Bags (EFBs) and similar peripherals used in the flight deck, cabin, and maintenance applications. The document defines how EFBs will efficiently, effectively, safely, and securely connect to the airborne server in a way that offer expanded capabilities to aircraft operators. The airborne server has two main functions, first to provide specific services to connected systems, and second to provide centralized security for the EFB and its data. This document is a functional airborne server definition. It does not define the physical characteristics of the server.
Magazine

Aerospace & Defense Technology: February 2024

2024-02-08
Certified Machine Learning-Based Avionics: Unlocking Safer Revolutionizing Electronic Warfare: Unleashing the Power of High-Performance Software Defined Radios Deterministic and Modular Architecture for Embedded Vehicle Systems Approximating the Material Stresses and System Requirements for Hypersonic Flight Design Approaches for Established and Emerging RF Receiver Architectures Rydberg Technologies Shows Potential of Long-Range RF with Quantum Sensor at NetModX23 New Method to Measure Wind Speed Could Unlock Drones' Potential A fundamentally different approach to wind estimation using unmanned aircraft than the vast majority of existing methods. This method uses no on-board flow sensor and does not attempt to estimate thrust or drag forces. Report on Human Factors Issues Likely to Affect Air-Launched Effects This report reviews human factors research on the supervision of multiple unmanned vehicles (UVs) as it affects human integration with Air-Launched Effects (ALE).
Training / Education

Automotive Cybersecurity Certification Level One

2024-05-06
The ever-increasing networking and automation of vehicles make cybersecurity a core requirement for future vehicles and their components. Automobile manufacturers and suppliers are confronted with new requirements that address the cybersecurity of vehicle IT/OT.
Training / Education

Automotive Cybersecurity Certification Level Two

2024-06-03
The focus of this training is on the cybersecurity lifecycle for automotive products. In addition to a brief refresher on the content of the standard, important aspects of ISO/SAE 21434 that play an important role along the automotive lifecycle are discussed in detail. ...Starting with the topic "Culture & Competence", through cybersecurity planning to audits and assessments and post-development activities. The learning concept provides a holistic methodology geared toward the automotive ecosystem. 
Magazine

Automotive Engineering: July/August 2022

2022-08-01
R1T Exposed! A comprehensive teardown of Rivian's pioneering electric pickup reveals praiseworthy build quality, innovative thinking…and some lapses in manufacturability. EVs drive NVH materials innovation Skateboard platforms, high-frequency motor noise push lower dB thresholds and new countermeasure solutions. Optimizing design for additive manufacturing Avoiding the pitfalls of 3D printing requires knowing the process limitations - and how to work around them. An expert at a leading AM specialist shares insights on getting it right. Real-time processors help drive the zonal E/E revolution With its new generation of software-compatible processors, NXP aims to accelerate systems consolidation and performance.
Magazine

Automotive Engineering: March 2019

2019-03-01
Rethinking the HUD Advanced tech solutions move toward augmented reality to bring greater capability to head-up displays. Motor matters New designs and materials are key to the next generation of electric machines for EV propulsion. Harnessing the power of Sim Serious cost savings could come from eliminating vehicle- and systems-level tests. Powerful simulation tools may be the only way to tackle the increasing complexity in mobility development. An OBE for the SAE Meet Paul Mascarenas-SAE International's 2019 president. He's a staunch advocate for professional development for engineers amid the mobility industry's transformation. Solving the propulsion puzzle Must-attend expert panels at SAE's WCX '19 will cover the propulsion-tech future like no other. Editorial Kill the EV tax credit by 2025 SAE Standards News SAE and Synopsys collaborate on cyber study Supplier Eye New Co. vs. Old Co.
Magazine

Automotive Engineering: November 2017

2017-11-02
700 miles, hands-free! GM's Super Cruise turns Cadillac drivers into passengers in a well-engineered first step toward greater vehicle autonomy. Toyota rethinks the Flagship The 2018 Lexus LS moves to twin-turbo V6 power and piles on the takumi. Honda 2018 Accord: Antidote for crossover fever The all-new, tenth-generation Accord is Honda's best-ever-and makes the case for why crossovers shouldn't take over the planet. Autonomy testing: Simulation to the rescue Autonomous technology development injects new rigors on vehicle-development testing.
Magazine

Autonomous Vehicle Engineering: August 2018

2018-08-02
Editorial V2Reality Blockchain Unchained! The weird world of cryptocurrency exists because of the intense mathematics of blockchain technology. The mobility sector is looking beyond Bitcoin to put blockchain to work in potentially game-changing ways. Are Blockchain and 'Smart Contracts' the Secure Future? Legal risk and reward of blockchain and smart contracts as a prescription for automotive applications Software Building Blocks for AV Systems Elektrobit's unique software framework is designed to smooth development of automated driving functions. Cyber Security Goes Upstream The first cloud-based solution for connected vehicles was born in Israel and is now pilot testing at global OEMs. Electronic Architectures Get Smart Upgradable, scalable and powerful new architectures will help enable data-hungry connected, autonomous vehicles. Aptiv's VP of Mobility Architecture explains.
Magazine

Autonomous Vehicle Engineering: January 2019

2019-01-08
Editorial Trust, testing and transition SAE Standards News SAE updates J3016 automated-driving graphic View from a Visionary Chris Urmson helped give birth to vehicle autonomy. His company, Aurora, is leading the technology to maturity and widespread adoption. Extending EV Range Using AV Programming Intelligent programming of autonomous electric vehicles offers potentially big energy savings, according to a study by IAV. Intel Study: Autonomous Vehicles Expected to be Common-in 50 Years New U.S. consumer survey sees most Americans "expect" AVs, though many currently fear the technology. Europe's Latest AV Testing Facilities Key for Swift Autonomous Adoption The need for data sharing and commonality in burgeoning AV technologies is bringing new meaning to the words 'proving grounds.' End Public 'Shadow' Driving! The best way to test and train AI for autonomous vehicles is through proper simulation, systems engineering, and an end-state scenario matrix.
Magazine

Autonomous Vehicle Engineering: July 2019

2019-07-05
Editorial The consolidation plot thickens The Navigator As the world turns to C-V2X, Europe picks WiFi Complexity of Autonomous-Systems Simulation, Validation Soars to the Clouds Scalable, cloud-based architectures are gaining greater acceptance for simulating and testing the myriad development aspects of automated driving. Connectivity Solutions for AVs The promises of fully connected autonomous vehicles are great, but so are the challenges. What M&E Can Teach the AV Industry About Data Media & entertainment offers important learnings on data retention, management, scalability and security. The Rodney Dangerfield of Automated-Driving Sensors Radar and lidar get all the attention, but Inertial Measurement Units are the backbone of sensor fusion. Suppliers are scrambling to make IMUs more accurate-and much less expensive. The Sense-itive Side of Autonomous Vehicles BASF is exploring how specific materials-and even paint colors and finishes-can improve the capabilities of AV sensors.
Magazine

Autonomous Vehicle Engineering: March 2019

2019-03-07
Editorial It's more than just a magazine The Navigator Needed: a step beyond STEM SAE AV Activities A listing of SAE International's autonomous vehicle-related offerings across the organization. Autonomy for the Masses Ford Autonomous Vehicles LLC aims to do for AVs what the Model T did for just about everyone. CEO Sherif Marakby explains. Speeding Thermal Analysis for Autonomous EVs Solving thermal challenges is vital to AEV development. Siemens PLM's new Simcenter integrated simulation package offers a high-fidelity, easy-to-use solution. New Mobility's Mega-Mappers Most believe ultrahigh-definition mapping is crucial to make high-level automated driving possible. Developing these maps is a huge undertaking-one that's enjoying a massive investment of money and talent. From a Blip to a Boom Automotive radar rides the 77-GHz technology wave toward greater capability and vehicle safety.
Magazine

Autonomous Vehicle Engineering: May 2019

2019-05-02
Editorial AVs, data and 'surveillance capitalism' SAE AV Activities SAE launches Office of Automation The Navigator Lessons from the 737 Max-8 debacle Scorecard Waymo, GM and Ford pegged as autonomous leaders Designs to Dye for: Autonomy's New-Materials Revolution From pineapples to bacteria, Envisage's research is focused on new-mobility's 'inside' story. Dining on Data Processing, in real-time, the enormous data stream that's flowing through AVs is increasingly the job of NVIDIA's mighty GPUs. Danny Shapiro relishes the feast. New Performance Metrics for Lidar Frame-rate measurement is so yesterday.
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