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A survey of the airfreighter types in use today reveals that the majority have evolved from aircraft designed initially for the transport of passengers. Therefore, many of the design considerations, such as the general configuration, were already established prior to any contemplation of the cargo application. This paper is divided into two main sections: - A qualitative discussion of some of the basic considerations which assume major proportions in the initial conception and evaluation of an airplane whose primary function is the transport of cargo, and - The presentation of a procedure now being employed which utilizes statistical sampling and analysis to provide working data for one phase of that design.

A review of commercial airline evolution from the 1945 period through contemporary practices is made, followed by consideration of future possibilities to the year 2000. In this metamorphic stage the early introduction of turboprop and jet transports is discussed, including some anecdotal reminiscences. The viewpoint is that of an engineering and maintenance specialist and it encompasses developments on both sides of the Atlantic. The abortive U.S. SST program is discussed from one manufacturer's viewpoint followed by some comments on the early design of a big tri-jet. All-cargo airline evolutionary history is reviewed followed by discussion of some current problems such as structural ageing of aircraft, influences of deregulation and history of maintenance and overhaul techniques. Safety issues are briefly mentioned followed by considerations of today's and tomorrow's advanced turbofan and turboprop powerplants and aircraft.

These recommendations cover the general field of airplane cabin supercharging equipment and are subdivided as follows:

These recommendations cover the general field of airplane cabin pressurization equipment and are subdivided as follows: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PRESSURIZED AIRPLANES CABIN AIR COMPRESSORS CABIN PRESSURE REGULATING EQUIPMENT ENGINE BLEED AIR DUCT SYSTEMS CABIN PRESSURE DUCTING SYSTEM

These recommendations cover the general field of airplane cabin pressurization equipment and are subdivided as follows: GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR PRESSURIZED AIRPLANES CABIN AIR COMPRESSORS CABIN PRESSURE REGULATING EQUIPMENT ENGINE BLEED AIR DUCT SYSTEMS CABIN PRESSURE DUCTING SYSTEM

Aerodynamic analysis relates mainly to questions of performance and stability, the latter including both maneuverability and control, but the designer's problems concern chiefly the prediction of the best possible performance. Accurate analysis, which would include a summation of the elemental resistances of an aircraft part by part and the making of many corrections, supplemented by tests of models in a wind-tunnel, involves much labor and expense. When a preliminary choice of dimensions and specifications for a new type of an airplane is to be made or there is a question of the performance attainable with a given load and power, a shorter method becomes necessary. This is to be found in the derivation of simplified formulas and graphs.

Applications of and recent improvements to the AIRPLANE program (developed by Jameson and Baker) are presented. This unstructured-mesh Euler method is capable of solving the inviscid transonic flow about complex three-dimensional aircraft configurations. Preliminary validations for the ONERA-M6 wing are made with comparisons to test data and a structured-mesh Euler code. Geometric capabilities of the present method are illustrated with solutions about simple, semi-complex and extremely complex aerodynamic configurations. Post-processing techniques for unstructured-mesh solutions are also presented. Computational resources and manpower requirements are benchmarked for the ONERA-M6 wing and a generic MDC Tri-Jet transport; the computers utilized for this survey include CONVEX, CRAY, Hitachi and IBM.

The airport noise is the origin of many adverse effects on the human's health and/or his well-being. The most frequent effects, noise annoyance and interference on sleep, have a few noise metrics associated to them. The DNL, LAD and LAN metrics are related to noise annoyance. Also there is, related to DNL metric, the percent of people highly annoyed. Interference on sleep is associated to SEL metric. So, the objective of this research is to develop the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) as a tool to help airport sound impact assessment through the evaluation of noise annoyance and the interference on sleep of the Brasilia's Airport.