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This paper presents an approach in the context of intergranular corrosion process, its causes, effects and its direct relation with the Engineering, once the responsible professional shall consider the numerous losses that may be caused by this deterioration. The intergranular process of corrosion in stainless steel has been studied. A failure occurred by intergranular corrosion in service in Isolator Exhaust, which is critical to the functioning of the air diesel engine system. A microcrack was generated in the grain boundary region due the precipitation of complex carbides, which was aggravated by the working temperature. Given the working conditions of the isolator exhaust, it is suggested to replace the material AISI 304 with AISI 310, for it contains higher percentage of chromium, inhibiting intergranular corrosion occurrence.

Increasing the sintering temperature, lowering the oxygen content, improved the longitudinal and transverse impact properties of powder formed AISI 4027. Flow improved the longitudinal impact properties to a maximum of 53 ft-lbs. but had no effect on the transverse properties. The anisotropy of powder formed preforms was a function of oxygen content and deformation strain. Comparing the powder-formed AISI 4027 to wrought AISI 8620, the powder formed preforms were more isotropic.

The AISI Bar Machinability Sub-committee was formed in 1991 to develop a database of automotive bar steel machinability under single point carbide turning conditions. To accomplish this task more than 30 industrially significant steel grades and their variants have been evaluated in the ensuing years. The test materials were produced by eight different steel companies using various melting and casting practices. Material properties and microstructures were characterized and the machinability of each steel variant was evaluated by at least two different machinability testing laboratories. This paper presents the results of these tests and correlates the machinability of the steels with their properties. The data base thus generated can be used by the machining industry to compare the relative machinability of various steel grades and their properties to make more informed materials application decisions.

AISIN AW has developed a new full hybrid transmission, the HD-10 for front wheel drive vehicles. This HD-10 has been developed based on the concept for improving fuel economy and performance without sacrificing drivability and utility. To achieve this, the transmission adopts an integrated design, which consists of two electric motors, gears including a planetary gear set, two inverters, and an electronic control unit. In addition, new software has been developed to offer smooth operation in every drive condition.

AISIN AW has developed a new FWD 6-speed automatic transmission “TF-80SC” for luxury cars with high torque engines. This newly developed automatic transmission (A/T) is based on the concept of the FWD 6-speed A/T “TF-60SN” that we have already introduced to the world market. The basic concept for the 6-speed A/T is to achieve weight saving and compact as well as better fuel efficiency and driving performance in comparison with conventional 5-speed A/Ts. Of course the shift feel must be the top level in the world, so we increased torque capacity of the TF-80SC to cover luxury cars with high torque engine. One of the outstanding features of the A/T is an advanced band brake that allows simultaneous pursuits of high capacity, weight saving, size reduction and high efficiency as well as high-quality shift feeling qualified for luxury cars. This paper describes the advantages and structure of the new A/T with a focus on our approach to new technology of the band brake system.

AISIN AW has developed a six-speed automatic transmission TF-60SN for front wheel drive (FWD) vehicles. This new TF-60SN has been developed based on the concepts of minimizing length and mass increase as compared with current five-speed automatic transmissions, and providing the world's first transverse FWD six-speed automatic transmission. This has been accomplished using a newly developed planetary gear set, and a new “squeezed” torque converter. In addition, the control system features a unique design that maintains outstanding compactness and achieves a high quality smooth shift feeling. This paper describes the construction, characteristics, and functions of this six-speed automatic transmission.

AISIN AW has developed a new six-speed automatic transmission TR-60SN for rear wheel drive (RWD) vehicles, for use in sports utility vehicles with high torque engines. This new TR-60SN has been developed based on the concept of improving fuel consumption and drivability while minimizing the number of component parts, and covering engine torque of 10 or 12 cylinders. To achieve this, TR-60SN utilizes component parts including gear train, torque converter, oil pump, and casing that have a completely new design. In addition, a new electric-hydraulic control unit has also been developed that offers both world class shift quality and a sporty shift feeling.

Cylinder liners made of AlSi alloy graphite composite using UPAL process have worked satisfactorily in a two-stroke petrol engine. Results of standard engine tests and field trials indicate that, compared to standard cast iron liners. AISiGr liners lead to (a) considerable improvement in the power output as a result of reduced frictional losses, (b) appreciable reduction in the specific fuel consumption and wear of the tribo components and (c) marked improvements in the resistance to seizure of the piston-liner assembly. It was also observed that the problem of cold start which is inherent in uncoated AlSi alloy liners did not exist with AISiGr liners. However, this observation could not be quantified in the present investigation. SEM and ESCA studies on the tribological surface of the liners were carried out and the results also support the above findings.

In addition to the creep properties, the fatigue properties are essential for the design of a power-train component in Mg which is operated at elevated temperatures. In case of the new BMW I6 composite Mg/Al crankcase using the AJ alloy system, material testing focused on both subjects. The basic mechanical properties were determined from separately die cast samples and also from samples machined out from high-pressure die cast components. Tensile, high cycle fatigue properties, low cycle fatigue and crack propagation properties were established and analyzed within the technical context for power-train applications reflected in the temperature and load levels. The aspects of mean stress influence, notch sensitivity and crack propagation are evaluated to estimate the performances of the AJ62A alloy system.

AJ alloy is used with a new Aluminum-Magnesium Composite Design, which is an innovative approach to lightweight crankcase technology. The component is manufactured using high pressure die cast process. A wide range of chemical compositions was used to develop a good understanding of the behavior of this alloy system (castability, thermophysical, mechanical, microstructure). The basic mechanical properties were determined from separately die cast samples and also from samples machined out from high pressure die cast components. Tensile, creep, bolt load retention/relaxation and high cycle fatigue properties were established and analyzed using multivariate analysis and statistical approach. This methodology was used to select the optimal chemical composition to match the requirements. The sensitivity of the alloy to heat exposure was investigated for both mechanical properties and microstructure.

AKG of America’s research and development center at its Mebane, North Carolina, facility hosted a grand opening in February that features a new water/glycol thermal shock test stand for product validation.

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes the following criteria for electrically operated backup alarm devices on mobile construction and industrial machinery: a Backup alarm device performance requirements. b Measurement technique for alarm performance requirements. c Laboratory environmental tests. d Alarm activation on the vehicle.

The scope of this SAE Standard is the definition of the functional, environmental, and life cycle test requirements for electrically operated backup alarm devices primarily intended for use on off-road, self-propelled work machines as defined by SAE J1116 JUN86 (limited to categories of 1) construction, and 2) general purpose industrial).

This specification covers a denatured ethyl alcohol in the form of a liquid.

This specification covers a denatured ethyl alcohol in the form of a liquid.