Search Results

To ensure cost-effectiveness, automotive industry solid-state device requirements, a small percentage of total U.S. consumption, will be met through custom designs using technologies applicable to non-automotive applications as well. N-MOS and complementary-MOS technologies with their cost and performance advantages and smaller size will prevail in digital signal processing; bipolar IC's plus IC's combining bipolar and MOS technologies on the same chip will be used for linear signal processing. Multiple-epitaxial structured silicon power devices will be used as actuator drivers. The reliability/cost equation will be solved by using buffered power sources to permit use of custom-designed low-voltage IC signal-processing circuits. Power devices having device characteristics that can withstand the high voltage transients will provide the interface between the low-level signal processing and actuator drivers.

This document covers the general requirements for cabin lighting in order to provide satisfactory illumination for, but not limited to: (a) Boarding and deplanning (b) Movement about the cabin (c) Reading (d) Use of lavatories (e) Use of work areas (f) Exiting under emergency conditions (g) Using stowage compartments, coat rooms and closets (h) Using interior stairways and elevators

This document covers red and white aircraft anti-collision lights using flashtubes as the light source.

Failure of electronic equipment in the alternator system will occur only under fault conditions. Overvoltage levels generated by the alternator and external equipment are discussed. Safe operation can be ensured by high voltage rating or by absorbing energy to reduce the transient voltage. These two methods are compared and transient energy measurements described. Problems in defining a precise specification for the necessary level of protection are stated and proposals made for an acceptable specification based upon experience.

Utility vehicles used in a high-voltage environment require modulating remote controls. These controls must provide the workmen with good control performance, and it is usually desirable that they maintain maximum dielectric strength, and have no mechanical problems. We believe control flexibility is maximized if the control function requires no mechanical interconnection between the controller and the maneuverable boom. This paper presents design considerations for our newest modulating remote control available and gives solutions to these problems. The use of a radio to control electrohydraulic proportional valves provides the most flexible control system available for utility vehicles. Five essential parameters are considered: dielectric strength, payload, mechanical take-up reels, control system performance, and control system reliability. Dielectric strength for the radio-controlled vehicle is a function of the fiberglass boom.

The success of urban automated vehicle networks will depend very strongly on the availability of an efficient traffic management strategy for such networks. Previous papers have discussed an automated network traffic management strategy, known as cycle preprogramming, which appears potentially capable of accomplishing the necessary coordination of vehicle flows in a large automated network. This paper develops a methodology by means of which the efficiency of the cycle preprogramming strategy in managing traffic in a large network can be studied. The methodology is then used to analyze the operating conditions on an example automated network for the Detroit area.

This Recommended Practice outlines the general requirements for a transportable self-contained, continuous duty, diesel engine driven brushless alternator unit for supplying 400-Hertz electrical power to high performance commercial transport aircraft. It is intended to assist the airlines in standardardizing recommendations for various sizes and configurations of equipment and it is a guide for the preparation of detailed specifications by the purchaser. The unit is primarily intended to supply power to the aircraft during passenger loading and unloading, and during servicing operations at airports throughout the world. The combination of the equipment specified herein and the interconnecting cable(s) between the 400-Hertz alternator and the aircraft shall provide power characteristics at the aircraft receptacle which meet MIL-STD-704A requirements for Category "B" equipment. Other limits which are necessary to meet specific conditions must be specified by the purchaser.

Electromagnetic disturbances to aircraft and to aerospace and industrial ground facilities often produce large circulating currents in the shields of electrical cables. The electromagnetic disturbances may be caused by lightning, switching of high voltage circuits or by other electromagnetic effects. This paper presents experimental data showing how surge voltages are related to the type of construction of the cable, to the material of the cable shield, to magnitude and waveshape of the shield current and the type of termination of the shield. Special attention is given to industrial grade metal conduit since conduit, particularly the rigid steel variety, can have very effective shielding properties.

The utility truck field requires many types of throttle controls, both remote and automatic, for the vehicle engine and auxiliary power source. This article reviews these applications from the aerial bucket truck used on overhead high voltage line work, to the underground equipment unit burying or reclaiming cable.

Results of investigation to develop a technological basis for overcoming aircraft lightning-strike hazards associated with turbojet aircraft fuel vents are discussed. Flame propagation and arrester experiments were performed with high-voltage and high-current facilities and repeated in a combustion research facility using a drive tube to simulate impulse effects of natural lightning. Flame propagation through actual aircraft vent systems containing flammable fuel-air mixtures was demonstrated, and characteristic flame propagation properties were measured and duplicated in laboratory apparatus. Preliminary assessment of problems involved in designing effective flame arresters and explosion suppression systems was made. Lightning-stroke patterns in fuel vent region were analyzed as to inferable hazard significance.

Many of the lighting devices on motor vehicles are legally required and arc essential to safe operation on the highway. To maintain performance, it is important that the bulb and sealed unit types employed he readily available, when needed, throughout the country in normal service channels. Therefore, this SAE Standard lists an assortment of current popular types, together with their characteristics, which are recommended for use wherever practicable. It is recognized that because of constantly changing and improving technology, the list may be incomplete. Also, instances may arise in the design of some devices which require the employment of other types while achieving the desired performance.

This standard is intended to establish uniform methods for the testing and performance evaluation of the SAE 100R Series of hydraulic hose and hose assemblies. The specific tests and performance criteria applicable to each variety of hose and/or assemblies made therefrom are set forth in the respective specifications of SAE J517.

To evaluate spark plug and ignition system requirements at high altitudes, tests were made in mountainous areas and in the laboratory using an altitude simulator. In the latter phase, both a standard compression ratio and a typical “export” compression ratio were investigated. In addition both compression ratios were tested using standard carburetion and typical high altitude carburetion. Spark plugs at least one heat range hotter than normal can be used if a vehicle is continuously driven at altitudes above 5000 ft above sea level. However, since spark plug voltage requirements increase at road load conditions and flashover voltages decrease at higher altitudes, more frequent maintenance of spark plugs and ignition systems is desirable in high altitude areas. When an engine adjusted for optimum performance at higher altitudes is driven at wide open throttle at sea level, preignition and detonation may be encountered.

Use of the electro-hydraulic effect for metal forming is one of the significant advances in the high-energy-rate field. The Cincinnati Electroshape method of converting electrical energy to hydraulic energy by discharging a high voltage spark across a transducer under water provides new production capability. This paper describes the Electroshape and discusses how new transducer developments provide an economic manufacturing method. Specific parts and related tooling problems are presented. Economic application of the electro-hydraulic effect to various parts and production rates are considered. The possibility of new quality standards and increased design flexibility are discussed.

Spark plug and ignition voltage requirements were determined for a typical medium duty truck engine in four configurations: production gasoline version; dual gasoline-LPG carburetion; full LP-gas conversion; full LP-gas conversion with compression ratio increased from 7.6 to 8.93:1. This paper shows that spark plugs only one range colder should be used when converting from gasoline to LP-gas operation. Very cold running plugs are undesirable because of the higher sparking voltage requirements. Cylinder-to-cylinder variations in spark plug temperature were also found to be much greater using LP-gas.

This paper describes a new electronic ignition system which provides trouble-free operation, while extending spark plug life to a warranted 50,000 miles or more. Design considerations are discussed that led to the development of a high-voltage capacitor discharge system whose performance justifies its premium cost. It describes how output voltage, available energy and output voltage rise time (the three major properties that determine overall ignition system performance) are used to establish the design features for new electronic ignition systems. Specific considerations are examined in detail, and appropriate mathematical computations are reviewed; for example, it is shown how energy storage and time constant relationships can be used to derive conditions for achieving ignition at higher engine speeds.