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This standard sets forth the desired characteristics of Aviation Ku-band Satellite Communication (Satcom) and Ka-band Satcom Systems intended for installation in all types of commercial air transport aircraft. The intent of this characteristic is to provide guidance on the interfaces, form, fit, and function of the systems. This document also describes the desired operational capability of the equipment needed to provide a broadband transport link that can be used for data, video, and voice communications typically used for passenger communications and/or entertainment. The systems described in this characteristic are not qualified, at this writing, for aviation safety functions.

The 35 papers in this technical paper collection features CI combustion technologies distinguished by mixing processes that influence combustion and combustion phasing closely coupled to the timing of fuel injection. Topics covered include fuel injection effects, alternative fuel, diesel fuels and combustion, and optimization and modeling.

The 37 papers in this technical paper collection focus on SI combustion technologies that employ direct, in-cylinder fuel injection. Topics of particular interest include in-cylinder fuel injection and spray studies, flow/spray interaction and in-cylinder mixture formation studies, and combustion chamber shape optimization. Papers also focus on combustion technologies in 4-stroke and 2-stroke engines, including premixed, port injected, and DI engine.

The 35 papers in this technical paper collection features CI combustion technologies distinguished by mixing processes that influence combustion and combustion phasing closely coupled to the timing of fuel injection. Topics covered include fuel injection effects, alternative fuel, diesel fuels and combustion, and optimization and modeling.

The 12 papers in this technical paper collection cover advances in fuel cell vehicles from the system to component level.

The three major challenges in the power electronics in hybrid and electric vehicles are: System cost, power density and reliability. High temperature power device and packaging technologies increases the power density and reliability while reducing system cost. Advanced Silicon devices with synthesized high-temperature packaging technologies can achieve junction temperature as high as 200C (compared to the present limitation of 150C) eliminating the need for a low-temperature radiator and therefore these devices reduces the system cost. The silicon area needed for a power inverter with high junction temperature capability can be reduced by more than 50 - 75% thereby significantly reducing the packaging space and power device and package cost. Smaller packaging space is highly desired since multiple vehicle platforms can share the same design and therefore reducing the cost further due to economies of scale.

Ford's thermal management with batteries. Presenter Robert Taenaka, Ford Motor Co.

SAE 2011 High Efficiency IC Engines Symposium - Session 1- Pathways to High Efficiency Presenter Rolf D. Reitz, Univ. of Wisconsin

SAE 2011 High Efficiency IC Engines Symposium - Session 3 - Advanced Diesel Engine Technologies Presenter Andrew Brown, Delphi Corp.

SAE 2011 High Efficiency IC Engines Symposium - Session 2 - Frontiers in Light-Duty Engine R&D Presenter Ulrich Spicher, Karlsruhe Inst. of Technology

SAE 2011 High Efficiency IC Engines Symposium - Session 4 - Novel Engine Components and Systems. Presenter Neville Jackson, Ricardo plc

Despite significant investment by both government and industry, the electric vehicle is not achieving the market share needed to make a significant impact on carbon emissions and energy independence. This presents some particular questions to policymakers and manufacturers; how to overcome the barriers to development and adoption in a tough economic climate? how can industry be encouraged to develop electric vehicle technology that meets consumers performance and pricing needs and how can consumers be encouraged to buy? The dramatic reductions in CO2 emissions required by international law present some formidable targets that need to be met over the coming two decades. How can we accelerate EV adoption to help achieve them?

Nissan has released our original HEV system in Japan on November 2010, and will release it in US market on March 2011. The 1 motor 2 clutch parallel type using conventional 7 speed automatic transmission has been employed without torque converter and with a manganese cathode and laminated type Li-ion Battery. This system is well recognized its higher efficiency but lower weight and cost, however, has never realized due to technical difficulties of smoothness. At this session, performance achievements and hinged breakthrough technologies will be presented. Presenter Tetsuya Takahashi, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd.

This paper compares two different rule-based power management (PM) strategies, in terms of their resultant fuel consumptions, through a simulation study as applied to a hybrid hydraulic multi-actuator displacement controlled (DC) system. Presenter Rohit Hippalgaonkar

Consumers design different PHEVs than expert analysts assume. Experts almost uniformly assume PHEVs that offer true all-electric driving for 10 to 60 miles; consumers are more likely to design PHEVs that do not offer true all-electric driving and have short ranges over which they use grid-electricity. Thus consumers? PHEV designs are less expensive. These consumer PHEV designs do, or don?t, produce lower GHG emissions than experts? PHEVs over the next ten years. The devil is in the details, i.e., which powerplant emissions to assign to new electricity demand: marginal or average. If (based on marginal powerplant emissions) it makes almost no difference whether we sell consumer-designed or expert-assumed PHEVs over the next ten years, yet as the grid continues to de-carbonize all-electric PHEV designs emerge as clearly the better option, there is a trajectory we could be on from blended, ?short range? PHEVs to all-electric ?long range? PHEVs.

Auto manufacturers have known and surveys confirm that consumers require short payback periods (2-4 years) for investments in fuel economy. Using societal discount rates, engineering-economic generally find substantial potential to increase fuel economy, cost-effectively. This phenomenon, often referred to as the ?energy paradox?, has been observed in nearly all consumers? choices of energy-using durable goods. Loss aversion, perhaps the most well established theory of behavioral economics, provides a compelling explanation. Engineering economic analyses generally overlook the fact that consumers? investments in fuel economy are not sure things but rather risky bets. Future energy prices, real world on-road fuel economy, and many other factors are uncertain. Loss aversion describes a fundamental human tendency to exaggerate the potential for loss relative to gain when faced with a risky bet. It provides a sufficient explanation for consumers?

Hybrid systems have been available for several years now, and offer customers a decrease in fuel consumption and CO2 emissions at an incremental price. Hybrids, in some cases, have offered improved other customer benefits such as reduced noise, vibration and harshness or better acceleration and the satisfaction of increased societal benefit. Sometimes the vehicle utility is compromised by the volume dedicated to energy storage systems. Several hybrid architecture arrangements exist in the market, and offer various levels of hybrid feature. But considering acquisition cost and operating expense, most hybrid vehicles have not offered a direct total cost advantage when compared to non-hybrids. GM's new e-Assist system is highly integrated with the engine and transmission functionality, and takes advantage of the highest value fuel economy enablers available with light electrification.

The energy crisis and rising gas price in the 2000s led to a growing popularity of hybrid vehicles. Hyundai-Kia Motors has been challenging to develop the new efficient eco-technology since introducing the mild type compact hybrid electric vehicle for domestic fleet in 2004 to meet the needs of the increasing automotive-related environmental issues. Now Hyundai has recently debuted a full HEV for global market, Sonata Hybrid. This system is cost effective solution and developed with the main purpose of improving fuel consumption and providing fun to drive. Presenter Seok Joon Kim, Hyundai Motor Company

SAE 2011 High Efficiency IC Engines Symposium - Session 1- Pathways to High Efficiency. Presenter John E. Dec, Sandia National Laboratories