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Nowadays, politicians are forced by air pollution prevention to demand zero emission vehicles (ZEV) in the form of pure electric vehicles. The poor capacity to weight factor of actual batteries compared to any kind of liquid or gaseous hydro-carbon fuel is the main reason for the retarded implementation of ZEV. Solutions offered by automobile manufacturers are mild to full hybrid powertrains based on the well established ICE platform. The difficulty of those approaches of electrification is to compete with the performance and benefit costumers expect from standard automobiles. Pure electric vehicles are rare and often disappointing regarding range and/or performance. Additionally the costs for such vehicles, which are mainly driven by the battery prices, are comparatively high, impeding their market entrance and acceptance. Low price electric city scooters are actually offered as pure electric vehicles in a wide variety of different models.

CFD simulation (Computational Fluid Dynamics) is a state of the art tool for the development of internal combustion engines, especially for internal mixture preparation, scavenging process and combustion. Simulation offers an array of information in the early development phase without the need of building a prototype engine. It shortens the development time, reduces the number of prototypes and therewith test bench costs. In previous investigations [SAE 2005-32-0099] and [SAE 2007-32-0030] a new coupling methodology which bases on the combination of three-dimensional (3D), one-dimensional (1D), and zero-dimensional (0D) CFD calculation has been presented. This methodology uses a new multidimensional interface technology and is able to handle 3D-0D, 3D-1D and 3D-3D connections. The special feature of this methodology is the capability of being placed on any position in the 3D CFD mesh.

The two stroke engine has a wide range of application, especially in the field of recreational vehicles, handheld products and small two-wheelers. This is due to the advantages of the two stroke working principle: high power density, low weight, and low costs. In order to reduce the system-inherent disadvantages of the loop-scavenged two stroke engine developments using latest methods are necessary. One of these methods is the CFD simulation of the scavenging process, the high pressure cycle and the injection process. Reliable predictive simulation in the early development phase of a new engine is required to shorten the development time and to reduce prototype and test bench costs. In previous investigations (1) [SAE 2005-32-0099; JSAE 20056552] the strategies for the simulation and the requirements for a predictive simulation were discussed. Finally a new methodology which bases on the combination of 3-dimensional (3D) and 0/1-dimensional (0/1D) CFD simulation was presented.