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Aircraft Flight Control Actuation System Failure-Detection Methods

2022-12-16
CURRENT
AIR5273A
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides descriptions of aircraft flight control actuation system failure-detection methods. The fault-detection methods are those used for ground and in-flight detection of failures in electrohydraulic actuation systems for primary flight controls.
Standard

Aircraft Flight Control Systems Descriptions

2022-10-05
WIP
AIR4094B
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) supplies information on the flight control systems incorporated on various current and historic fixed wing, rotary wing, and tilt rotor aircraft. A brief description of the aircraft is followed by a description of the flight control system, some specific components, drawings of the internal arrangement, block diagrams, and schematics. System operation redundancy management is also presented.
Standard

Utility System Characterization, An Overview

2021-02-23
WIP
AIR5428A
Modern air vehicles consist of many subsystems, traditionally managed as a federation of independent subsystems. Advances in control technologies, digital electronics and electro-mechanical hardware, provide potential opportunities to integrate subsystems for future aircraft. This document does not define any particular integration strategy. Its purpose is to provide information about traditional federated subsystems from the functional, control, resource, and hardware perspective. To be able to integrate subsystems, one must have a basic understanding of the subsystems, and this document provides an introduction or starting point for initiating the integration process.
Standard

Development Process - Aerospace Fly-By-Wire Actuation System

2020-10-09
CURRENT
ARP5007A
This document provides a description of a process for development of fly-by-wire actuation systems. Included are (1) the development of requirements for the servo-actuator hardware and the electronics hardware and software, (2) actuator and servo-electronics interface definitions and, (3) the required communications and interactions between the servo-actuator and the servo-electronics designers.
Standard

Aerospace - Passive Side Stick Unit General Requirements for Fly-by Wire Transport and Business

2020-04-23
CURRENT
ARP6001B
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommendations for design and test requirements for a generic “passive” side stick that could be used for fly-by wire transport and business aircraft. It addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical and electrical interfaces The safety and certification requirements
Standard

Integrated Rudder and Brake Pedal Unit, General Requirements for Fly-By Wire Transport and Business Aircraft

2018-10-15
CURRENT
ARP6252
This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides general requirements for a generic, integrated rudder and brake pedal unit, incorporating a passive force-feel system that could be used for fixed-wing fly-by wire transport and business aircraft. This ARP addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The mechanical interconnection between captain and F/O station The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical, electrical, and electronic interfaces The safety and certification requirements
Standard

Aerospace - Passive Side Stick Unit General Requirements for Fly by Wire Transport and Business

2018-10-04
HISTORICAL
ARP6001A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides general requirements for a generic “passive” side stick that could be used for fly by wire transport and business aircraft. It addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical and electrical interfaces The safety and certification requirements
Standard

Description of Actuation Systems for Aircraft With Fly-By-Wire Flight Control Systems

2018-07-24
CURRENT
AIR4253B
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides design information of various contemporary aircraft fly-by-wire (FBW) flight control actuation systems that may be useful in the design of future systems for similar applications. It is primarily applicable to manned aircraft. It presents the basic characteristics, hardware descriptions, redundancy concepts, functional schematics, and discussions of the servo controls, failure monitoring, and fault tolerance. All existing FBW actuation systems are not described herein; however, those most representing the latest designs are included. While this AIR is intended as a reference source of information for aircraft actuation system designs, the exclusion or omission of any other appropriate actuation system or subsystem should not limit consideration of their use on future aircraft.
Standard

Aircraft Flight Control Systems Descriptions

2016-07-18
CURRENT
AIR4094A
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) supplies information on the flight control systems incorporated on various current and historic fixed wing, rotary wing, and tilt rotor aircraft. A brief description of the aircraft is followed by a description of the flight control system, some specific components, drawings of the internal arrangement, block diagrams, and schematics. System operation redundancy management is also presented.
Standard

Primary Flight Control Hydraulic Actuation System Interface Definition

2015-10-19
CURRENT
AIR4922A
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides a description of the interfaces and their requirements for generic and specific hydraulic actuation systems used in the flight control systems of manned aircraft. Included are the basic control system characteristics and functional requirements, and the essential interfaces (structural, mechanical, hydraulic power, control input, status monitoring, and environment). Major design issues, requirements, and other considerations are presented and discussed.
Standard

Aerospace Fly-by-Light Actuation Systems

2014-12-18
CURRENT
AIR4982A
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been prepared to provide information regarding options for optical control of fluid power actuation devices. It is not intended to establish standards for optical fluid power control, but rather is intended to provide a baseline or foundation from which standards can be developed. It presents and discusses approaches for command and communication with the actuation device via electro-optic means. The development of standards will require industry wide participation and cooperation to ensure interface commonality, reliability, and early reduction to practice. To facilitate such participation, this document provides potential users of the technology a balanced consensus on its present state of development, the prospects for demonstration of production readiness, and a discussion of problem areas within this technology.
Standard

Utility System Characterization, an Overview

2013-05-28
CURRENT
AIR5428
Modern air vehicles consist of many subsystems, traditionally managed as a federation of independent subsystems. Advances in control technologies, digital electronics and electro-mechanical hardware, provide potential opportunities to integrate subsystems for future aircraft. This document does not define any particular integration strategy. Its purpose is to provide information about traditional federated subsystems from the functional, control, resource, and hardware perspective. To be able to integrate subsystems, one must have a basic understanding of the subsystems, and this document provides an introduction or starting point for initiating the integration process. The focus is on the aircraft subsystems, which includes utility, flight and propulsion control (e.g., electric power, environmental control subsystem (ECS), fuel, etc.) The depth of the information intends to provide an introduction to the subsystems.
Standard

Aerospace - Passive Side Stick Unit General Requirements for Fly by Wire Transport and Business

2012-07-31
HISTORICAL
ARP6001
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides general requirements for a generic “passive” side stick that could be used for fly by wire transport and business aircraft. It addresses the following: The functions to be implemented The geometric and mechanical characteristics The mechanical and electrical interfaces The safety and certification requirements
Standard

Primary Flight Control Hydraulic Actuation System Interface Definition

2008-07-16
HISTORICAL
AIR4922
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides a description of the interfaces and their requirements for generic and specific hydraulic actuation systems used in the flight control systems of manned aircraft. Included are the basic control system characteristics and functional requirements, and the essential interfaces (structural, mechanical, hydraulic power, control input, status monitoring, and environment). Major design issues, requirements, and other considerations are presented and discussed.
Standard

Aerospace Fly-by-Light Actuation Systems

2007-01-11
HISTORICAL
AIR4982
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been prepared to provide information regarding options for optical control of fluid power actuation devices. It is not intended to establish standards for optical fluid power control, but rather is intended to provide a baseline or foundation from which standards can be developed. It presents and discusses approaches for command and communication with the actuation device via electro-optic means. The development of standards will require industry wide participation and cooperation to ensure interface commonality, reliability, and early reduction to practice. To facilitate such participation, this document provides potential users of the technology a balanced consensus on its present state of development, the prospects for demonstration of production readiness, and a discussion of problem areas within this technology.
Standard

Actuation System Failure Detection Methods

2007-01-11
HISTORICAL
AIR5273
This AIR provides descriptions of aircraft actuation system failure-detection methods. The methods are those used for ground and in-flight detection of failures in electrohydraulic actuation systems for primary flight control. The AIR concentrates on full Fly-By-Wire (FBW) flight control actuation though it includes one augmented-control system. The background to the subject is discussed in terms of the impact that factors such as the system architecture have on the detection methods chosen for the flight control system. The types of failure covered by each monitoring technique are listed and discussed in general. The way in which these techniques have evolved is illustrated with an historical review of the methods adopted for a series of aircraft, arranged approximately in design chronological order.
Standard

Flight Control Actuators - Dynamic Seals, Collection of Duty Cycle Data

2006-05-17
HISTORICAL
ARP4895A
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides an algorithm aimed to analyse flight control surface actuator movements with the objective to generate duty cycle data applicable to hydraulic actuator dynamic seals. This algorithm can be used to process digitally recorded actuator positions, generated either by pure simulation, or hardware-in-the-loop simulation, or flight test of full scale demonstrator of new aircraft, of new aircraft models in development, or of in-service aircraft, depending on what is available at different stages of the aircraft development and the purpose of the duty cycle investigation. This generated duty cycle data can be used as a basis for defining dynamic seal life requirements, dynamic seal life testing, or to assess the impact of control law or other changes to dynamic seal behavior.
Standard

Description of Actuation Systems for Aircraft With Fly-By-Wire Flight Control Systems

2001-04-01
HISTORICAL
AIR4253A
This information report (AIR) provides design information of various contemporary aircraft fly-by-wire (FBW) flight control actuation systems that may be useful in the design of future systems for similar applications. It is primarily applicable to manned aircraft. It presents the basic characteristics, hardware descriptions, redundancy concepts, functional schematics, and discussions of the servo controls, failure monitoring, and fault tolerance. All existing FBW actuation systems are not described herein; however, those most representing the latest designs are included. While this AIR is intended as a reference source of information for aircraft actuation system designs, the exclusion or omission of any other appropriate actuation system or subsystem should not limit consideration of their use on future aircraft.
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