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The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to establish a testing procedure to determine the performance capability of heavy-duty vehicle cooling systems to meet Original Equipment Manufacturer or end user thermal specifications to ensure long term reliable vehicle operations. The recommendations from the present document are intended for heavy-duty vehicles including, but not limited to, on- and off-highway trucks, buses, cranes, drill rigs, construction, forestry, and agricultural machines.

The techniques outlined in this SAE Recommended Practice were developed as part of an overall program for determining and evaluating fuel consumption of heavy-duty trucks and buses, but it is applicable to off highway vehicles as well. It is recommended that the specific operating conditions be carefully reviewed on the basis of actual installation data. Cooling requirements are affected by all heat exchangers that are cooled by the fan drive system. These may include radiators, condensers, charge air coolers, oil coolers, and others. Because of the variation in size, shape, configuration, and mountings available in cooling fans and fan drive systems, specific test devices have not been included. Using known power/speed relationships for a given fan, this procedure can be used to calculate the fan drive system’s power consumption for cooling systems using the types of drives listed below. This power consumption may then be used in determining engine net power per SAE J1349.

Three levels of fan structural analysis are included in this practice: a Initial structural integrity. b In-vehicle testing. c Durability (laboratory) test methods. The initial structural integrity section describes analytical and test methods used to predict potential resonance and, therefore, possible fatigue accumulation. The in-vehicle (or machine) section enumerates the general procedure used to conduct a fan strain gage test. Various considerations that may affect the outcome of strain gage data have been described for the user of this procedure to adapt/discard depending on the particular application. The durability test methods section describes the detailed test procedures for a laboratory environment that may be used depending on type of fan, equipment availability, and end objective. The second and third levels build upon information derived from the previous level.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to oil-to-air and oil-to-coolant oil coolers installed on mobile or stationary equipment and provides a glossary of oil cooler nomenclature. Such oil coolers may be used for the purpose of cooling automatic transmission fluid, hydraulic system oil, retarder system fluid, engine oil, etc. This document outlines the methods of procuring the test data to determine the operating characteristics of the oil cooling system and the interpretation of the results.

This SAE recommended practice is applicable to all liquid-to-air, liquid-to-liquid, air-to-air, and air-to-liquid heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems.

The purpose of this SAE Information Report is to provide an overview of special requirements and practices in fuel cell vehicle thermal management. This document is primarily directed to fuel cell applications in motor vehicles.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all liquid-to-air, liquid-to-liquid, air-to-liquid, and air-to-air heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems. This document outlines the tests to determine the heat transfer and pressure drop performance under specified conditions. This document has been reviewed and revised by adding several clarifying statements to Section 4.

Waste heat recovery (WHR) systems are used in vehicles and machines powered by internal combustion (IC) engines to capture unused/waste heat and utilize it thereby reducing fuel consumption and emissions by improving efficiency. This information report is a survey of the waste heat recovery methods that include the use of heat exchangers.

This SAE Recommended Practice is intended for use in testing and evaluating the approximate performance of engine-driven cooling fans. This performance would include flow, pressure, and power. This flow and pressure information is used to estimate the engine cooling performance. This power consumption is used to estimate net engine power per SAE J1349. The procedure also provides a general description of equipment necessary to measure the approximate fan performance. The test conditions in the procedure generally will not match those of the installation for which cooling and fuel consumption information is desired. The performance of a given fan depends on the geometric details of the installation, including the shroud and its clearance. These details should be duplicated in the test setup if accurate performance measurement is expected.

This SAE Recommended Practice provides test methods and criteria for evaluating the internal cleanliness and air leakage for engine charge air coolers. This SAE Recommended Practice also provides nomenclature and terminology in common use for engine charge air coolers, related charge air cooling system components, and charge air cooling system operational performance parameters.

This SAE recommended practice is intended for use in testing and evaluating the performance of light-duty automotive electric engine cooling fan assemblies. These Electric Cooling Fan (ECF) assemblies are purchased by light-duty truck and passenger car OEMs from suppliers. They are purchased as complete assemblies, consisting mainly of the fan(s), motor(s), and shroud (see Figure 1); this Recommended Practice will only consider such complete assemblies. Some purchased assemblies using brush-type motors may also include digital control devices such as power resistors or pulse width modulation (PWM) electronics or local interconnect network (LIN) for speed control. In the case of brushless motor technology, the controller is an integral part of the motor where it also performs the commutation process electronically. The performance measurement would include fan output in terms of airflow and pressure, and fan input electric power in terms of voltage and current.

This SAE Recommended Practice documents nomenclature in common use for various types of radiator and radiator core construction, as well as for various radiator-related accessories.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all engine cooling systems used in (1) Heavy-duty vehicles, industrial applications, and (2) Automotive applications. There are two categories of coolant reservoir tanks covered in the document: a Pressurized tanks b Un-pressurized tanks

This SAE Information Report is a source of information concerning the basic properties of engine coolants which are satisfactory for use in internal combustion engines. Engine coolant concentrate (antifreeze) must provide adequate corrosion protection, lower the freezing point, and raise the boiling point of the engine coolant. For additional information on engine coolants see ASTM D3306 and ASTM D4985.

The techniques outlined in this SAE Recommended Practice were developed as part of an overall program for determining and evaluating fuel consumption of heavy-duty trucks and buses, but it is applicable to off highway vehicles as well. It is recommended that the specific operating conditions be carefully reviewed on the basis of actual installation data. Cooling requirements are affected by all heat exchangers that are cooled by the fan drive system. These may include radiators, condensers, charge air coolers, oil coolers, and others. Because of the variation in size, shape, configuration, and mountings available in cooling fans and fan drive systems, specific test devices have not been included. Using known power/speed relationships for a given fan, this procedure can be used to calculate the fan drive system’s power consumption for engine cooling systems using fixed ratio, viscous or speed modulating, and mechanical on/off fan drives including electronically activated fan drives.

Three levels of fan structural analysis are included in this practice: a Initial Structural Integrity b In-vehicle Testing c Durability (Laboratory) Test Methods The Initial Structural Integrity section describes analytical and test methods used to predict potential resonance and, therefore, possible fatigue accumulation. The In-vehicle (or machine) section enumerates the general procedure used to conduct a fan strain gage test. Various considerations that may affect the outcome of strain gage data have been described for the user of this procedure to adapt/discard depending on the particular application. The Durability Test Methods section describes the detailed test procedures for a laboratory environment that may be used depending on type of fan, equipment availability, and end objective. The second and third levels build upon information derived from the previous level.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all liquid-to-gas, liquid-to-liquid, gas-to-gas, and gas-to-liquid heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems. This document outlines the test to determine durability characteristics of the heat exchanger from vibration-induced loading.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all liquid-to-gas, liquid-to-liquid, gas-to-gas, and gas-to-liquid heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems. This document outlines the tests to determine durability characteristics of the heat exchanger under pressure cycling.

This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to all heat exchangers used in vehicle and industrial cooling systems. This document outlines the tests to determine the heat transfer and pressure drop performance under specified conditions. This document has been reviewed and revised by adding several clarifying statements to Section 4.