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This TIR establishes high-flow fueling protocols, including their process limits for fueling of compressed gaseous hydrogen vehicles at peak flow rates from 60 to 300 g/s with compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS) volume capacities between 248.6 and 7500 L which have been qualified to UN GTR #13. This document is initially being published as a TIR due to limited field testing of the fueling protocols. Once the fueling protocols have been field tested, the SAE Fuel Cell Standards Committee Interface Task Force intends to publish a revision to this document as an SAE Standard.

This SAE Recommended Practice establishes uniform procedures for testing fuel cell and hybrid fuel cell electric vehicles, excluding low speed vehicles, designed primarily for operation on the public streets, roads and highways. The procedure addresses those vehicles under test using compressed hydrogen gas supplied by an off-board source or stored and supplied as a compressed gas onboard. This practice provides standard tests that will allow for determination of fuel consumption and range based on the US Federal Emission Test Procedures, using the Urban Dynamometer Driving Schedule (UDDS) and the Highway Fuel Economy Driving Schedule (HFEDS). Chassis dynamometer test procedures are specified in this document to eliminate the test-to-test variations inherent with track testing, and to adhere to standard industry practice for fuel consumption and range testing.

This standard specifies the communications hardware and software requirements for fueling hydrogen surface vehicles (HSV), such as fuel cell vehicles, but may also be used where appropriate, with heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., busses) and industrial trucks (e.g., forklifts) with compressed hydrogen storage. It contains a description of the communications hardware and communications protocol that may be used to refuel the HSV. The intent of this standard is to enable harmonized development and implementation of the hydrogen fueling interfaces.This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the hydrogen fueling protocols in SAE J2601 and J2601/5, and nozzles and receptacles conforming with SAE J2600.

The purpose of this document is to define design, construction, operational, and maintenance requirements for hydrogen fuel storage and handling systems in on-road vehicles. Performance-based requirements for verification of design prototype and production hydrogen storage and handling systems are also defined in this document. Complementary test protocols (for use in type approval or self-certification) to qualify designs (and/or production) as meeting the specified performance requirements are described. Crashworthiness of hydrogen storage and handling systems is beyond the scope of this document. SAE J2578 includes requirements relating to crashworthiness and vehicle integration for fuel cell vehicles. It defines recommended practices related to the integration of hydrogen storage and handling systems, fuel cell system, and electrical systems into the overall Fuel Cell Vehicle.

This SAE Recommended Practice identifies and defines requirements relating to the safe integration of the fuel cell system, the hydrogen fuel storage and handling systems (as defined and specified in SAE J2579) and high voltage electrical systems into the overall Fuel Cell Vehicle. The document may also be applied to hydrogen vehicles with internal combustion engines. This document relates to the overall design, construction, operation and maintenance of fuel cell vehicles.

This SAE Information Report is intended to be used for routine (or periodic) monitoring of filling station performance. It is not intended to provide process quality control requirements for any portion of the product delivery cycle.

This document establishes safety limits and performance requirements for gaseous hydrogen fuel dispensers used to fuel Hydrogen Powered Industrial Trucks (HPITs). It also describes several example fueling methods for gaseous hydrogen dispensers serving HPIT vehicles. SAE J2601-3 offers performance based fueling methods and provides guidance to fueling system builders as well as suppliers of hydrogen powered industrial trucks and operators of the hydrogen powered vehicle fleet(s). This fueling protocol for HPITs can support a wide range of hydrogen fuel cell hybrid electric vehicles including fork lifts, tractors, pallet jacks, on and off road utility, and specialty vehicles of all types. The mechanical connector geometry for H25 and H35 connectors are defined in SAE J2600 Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle Refueling Connection Devices.

The outcome of this TIR is to establish proton exchange membrane (PEM) testing methods and characterization of chemicals used in HRS, during operation and maintenance that can influence the performance of commercial PEM fuel cell vehicles. Hydrogen quality standards such as SAE J2719 provide list of contaminants with maximum impurity levels that ensure safe operation of fuel cell vehicles. These contaminants are primarily from the hydrogen production. Less attention in these quality standards were given to the contaminants generated from the installation, operation and maintenance of HRS. Common chemicals used during HRS operation are refrigerants, lubricants, etc., and during HRS installation and maintenance are solvents cleaning agents, lubricants, etc. Some of these chemicals are found to have adverse impacts on PEM fuel cells.

This standard provides background information and a hydrogen fuel quality standard for commercial proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell vehicles. This report also provides background information on how this standard was developed by the Hydrogen Quality Task Force (HQTF) of the Interface Working Group (IWG) of the SAE Fuel Cell Standards Committee.

This standard specifies the communications hardware and software requirements for fueling hydrogen surface vehicles (HSV), such as fuel cell vehicles, but may also be used where appropriate, with heavy-duty vehicles (e.g., busses) and industrial trucks (e.g., forklifts) with compressed hydrogen storage. It contains a description of the communications hardware and communications protocol that may be used to refuel the HSV. The intent of this standard is to enable harmonized development and implementation of the hydrogen fueling interfaces. This standard is intended to be used in conjunction with the hydrogen fueling protocols in SAE J2601 and nozzles and receptacles conforming with SAE J2600.

Electric and alternative fueled vehicles present different hazards for first and second responders than conventional gasoline internal combustion engines. Hydrogen vehicles (H2V) including Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) involved in incidents may present unique hazards associated with the fuel storage and high voltage systems. The electrical hazards associated with the high voltage systems of hybrid-electric vehicles and FCVs are already addressed in the parent document, SAE J2990. This Recommended Practice therefore addresses electric issues by reference to SAE J2990 and supplements SAE J2990 to address the potential consequences associated with hydrogen vehicle incidents and suggest common procedures to help protect emergency responders, tow and/or recovery, storage, repair, and salvage personnel after an incident has occurred. Industry design standards and tools were studied and where appropriate, suggested for responsible organizations to implement.

This SAE Technical Information Report (TIR) provides test methods for evaluating hydrogen sensors when the hydrogen system integrator and/or vehicle manufacturer elect to use such devices on board their hydrogen vehicles, including hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). The tests described in 5.1 of this document are performance-based and were developed to assess hydrogen sensor metrological parameters. These tests were designed to accommodate a wide range of environmental and operating conditions based on different possible situations and sensor implementations within the vehicle. Section 5.2 covers supplemental electrical safety and physical stress tests. These are based upon standard tests developed for qualifying electrical and other components for use on vehicles and do not explicitly pertain to gas sensor metrological performance assessment.

The purpose of this document is to define design, construction, operational, and maintenance requirements for hydrogen fuel storage and handling systems in on-road vehicles. Performance-based requirements for verification of design prototype and production hydrogen storage and handling systems are also defined in this document. Complementary test protocols (for use in type approval or self-certification) to qualify designs (and/or production) as meeting the specified performance requirements are described. Crashworthiness of hydrogen storage and handling systems is beyond the scope of this document. SAE J2578 includes requirements relating to crashworthiness and vehicle integration for fuel cell vehicles. It defines recommended practices related to the integration of hydrogen storage and handling systems, fuel cell system, and electrical systems into the overall Fuel Cell Vehicle.

SAE J2600 applies to the design and testing of Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle (CHSV) fueling connectors, nozzles, and receptacles. Connectors, nozzles, and receptacles must meet all SAE J2600 requirements and pass all SAE J2600 testing to be considered as SAE J2600 compliant. This document applies to devices which have Pressure Classes of H11, H25, H35, H50 or H70. 1.1 Purpose SAE J2600 is intended to: • Prevent vehicles from being fueled with a Pressure Class greater than the vehicle Pressure Class; • Allow vehicles to be fueled with Pressure Class equal to or less than the vehicle Pressure Class, • Prevent vehicles from being fueled by other compressed gases dispensing stations; • Prevent other gaseous fueled vehicles from being fueled by hydrogen dispensing stations.

SAE J2601 establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of light duty vehicles. These process limits (including the fuel delivery temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, the rate of pressure increase and the ending pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J2601 establishes standard fueling protocols based on either a look-up table approach utilizing a fixed pressure ramp rate, or a formula based approach utilizing a dynamic pressure ramp rate continuously calculated throughout the fill. Both protocols allow for fueling with communications or without communications. The table-based protocol provides a fixed end-of-fill pressure target, whereas the formula-based protocol calculates the end-of-fill pressure target continuously.

SAE J#### establishes the protocol and process limits for hydrogen fueling of light duty vehicles when the fuel delivery temperature is not pre-cooled, so called “ambient fueling” designated by Table 1 of SAE J2601-2014. These process limits (including the fuel delivery temperature, the maximum fuel flow rate, the rate of pressure increase and the ending pressure) are affected by factors such as ambient temperature, fuel delivery temperature and initial pressure in the vehicle’s compressed hydrogen storage system. SAE J#### establishes standard fueling protocols based on a series of design cases representing fueling system engineering categories. These categories are intended to provide performance targets which allow decreasing fueling times relative to the most simple design case. Similar to the table and formula based approaches of SAE J2601-2014, this approach establishes a minimum performance criteria leaving open options for innovation to decrease fueling times.

While there are various types of Fuel Cell architectures being developed, the focus of this document is on Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell stacks and ancillary components for automotive propulsion applications. Within the boundaries of this document are the: Fuel Supply and Storage, Fuel Processor, Fuel Cell Stack, and Balance of Plant, as shown in Figure 1.

Electric and alternative fueled vehicles present different hazards for first and second responders than conventional gasoline internal combustion engines. Hydrogen vehicles (H2V) including Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCVs) involved in incidents may present unique hazards associated with the fuel storage and high voltage systems. The electrical hazards associated with the high voltage systems of hybrid-electric vehicles and FCVs are already addressed in the parent document, SAE J2990. This Recommended Practice therefore addresses electric issues by reference to SAE J2990 and supplements SAE J2990 to address the potential consequences associated with hydrogen vehicle incidents and suggest common procedures to help protect emergency responders, tow and/or recovery, storage, repair, and salvage personnel after an incident has occurred. Industry design standards and tools were studied and where appropriate, suggested for responsible organizations to implement.

This Standard provides background information and a hydrogen fuel quality standard for commercial proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell vehicles. This Report also provides background information on how this standard was developed by the Hydrogen Quality Task Force (HQTF) of the Interface Working Group (IWG) of the SAE Fuel Cell Standards Committee.

SAE J2600 applies to the design and testing of Compressed Hydrogen Surface Vehicle (CHSV) fueling connectors, nozzles, and receptacles. Connectors, nozzles, and receptacles must meet all SAE J2600 requirements and pass all SAE J2600 testing to be considered as SAE J2600 compliant. This document applies to devices which have Pressure Classes of H11, H25, H35, H50 or H70.