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This SAE Recommended Practice describes the determination of passenger car and light truck tire force and moment properties on a belt-type flat surface test machine. It is suitable for accurately determining five tire forces and moments in steady-state under free-rolling conditions as a function of slip angle and normal force which are incrementally changed in a given sequence.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes the determination of tire pull force properties for an uninclined tire (SAE J670e) on a laboratory flat surface tire force and moment machine. It is suitable for accurately determining pull forces and residual aligning moments for passenger and light-truck tires. These properties are important determinants of vehicle trim (See section 2.1.2). They describe steady-state, free-rolling pull effects ascribable to tires. The test method described in this document is suitable for comparative evaluation of tires for research and development purposes. The method is also suitable for modeling when followed carefully.

This SAE Recommended Practice defines the best known techniques for evaluating peak and locked wheel braking traction. It covers an important phase of tire braking traction, namely, the wet or dry pavement straight ahead conditions. However, this is but a small portion of the whole field of tire traction. As test procedures are established for other phases of this complex study, additional supplementary procedures will be written. A discussion of this entire subject is contained in Appendix B to this recommended practice.

This Recommended Practice describes some basic design requirements and operational procedures associated with equipment for laboratory measurement of tire force and moment properties of the full range of passenger car tires. These properties must be known to establish the tire's contribution to vehicle dynamic performance. Many factors influence laboratory tire force and moment measurements. This Recommended Practice was compiled as a guide for equipment design and test operation so that data from different laboratories can be directly compared and applied to vehicle design and tire selection problems. It is recognized that laboratory measurements define performance in a controlled and idealized situation that may not correspond to conditions encountered in a vehicle's operating environment. Several decades of testing experience in different laboratories indicates, however, that these tests can provide a very useful bench mark for evaluation of tire performance.

This Information Report presents background and rationale for SAE Recommended Practice J1106, Laboratory Testing Machine and Procedures for Measuring the Steady Force and Moment Properties of Passenger Car Tires. The purpose of SAE J1106 is to define standards for equipment design and test procedures so that data from different laboratories can be directly compared. Whereas such standardization is not a requirement for testing associated with tire development, it is necessary in the context of vehicle design and tire selection problems. The basic approach employed in developing SAE J1106 was to consolidate and document existing technology as embodied in equipment and procedures currently employed for routine tire evaluations. Equipment and procedures whose current use is restricted to research applications were not considered. Research experience is discussed in this Information Report, however, to the extent deemed necessary to provide background and rationale for SAE J1106.

The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to set up a guide as to body, frame, and wheelhouse clearances required to accommodate tire traction devices (e.g., tire chains), and to provide a means of classifying these devices according to their maximum profile. In addition, it enables the vehicle manufacturer to specify the proper traction devices for each vehicle. This report is intended to apply to passenger cars and light trucks up to 4535 kg (10 001 lb) GVW. This document is not to be construed as approving traction device operation at conditions exceeding manufacturer's specifications, although short periods of such operations may be required for test purposes.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes the determination of passenger car and light truck tire force and moment properties on a belt-type flat surface test machine. It is suitable for accurately determining five tire forces and moments in steady-state under free-rolling conditions as a function of slip angle and normal force which are incrementally changed in a given sequence.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes the determination of tire pull force properties for an uninclined tire (SAE J670e) on a laboratory flat surface tire force and moment machine. It is suitable for accurately determining pull forces and residual aligning moments for passenger and light-truck tires. These properties are important determinants of vehicle trim (See section 2.1.2). They describe steady-state, free-rolling pull effects ascribable to tires. The test method described in this document is suitable for comparative evaluation of tires for research and development purposes. The method is also suitable for modeling when followed carefully.

This Information Report presents background and rationale for SAE Recommended Practice J1106, Laboratory Testing Machine and Procedures for Measuring the Steady Force and Moment Properties of Passenger Car Tires. The purpose of SAE J1106 is to define standards for equipment design and test procedures so that data from different laboratories can be directly compared. Whereas such standardization is not a requirement for testing associated with tire development, it is necessary in the context of vehicle design and tire selection problems. The basic approach employed in developing SAE J1106 was to consolidate and document existing technology as embodied in equipment and procedures currently employed for routine tire evaluations. Equipment and procedures whose current use is restricted to research applications were not considered. Research experience is discussed in this Information Report, however, to the extent deemed necessary to provide background and rationale for SAE J1106.

This SAE Recommended Practice defines the best known techniques for evaluating peak and locked wheel braking traction. It covers an important phase of tire braking traction, namely, the wet or dry pavement straight ahead conditions. However, this is but a small portion of the whole field of tire traction. As test procedures are established for other phases of this complex study, additional supplementary procedures will be written. A discussion of this entire subject is contained in Appendix B to this recommended practice.