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Tyre wear is of significant concern for the automotive industry due to multiple reasons including vehicle performance, safety, economy, environmental (particulate matter emission) aspects, etc. Therefore, ensuring enhanced tyre tread wear resistance is one of the most important criteria while developing a new tyre. Tyre wear phenomenon is influenced by various factors, such as road conditions, driving habits, maintenance practices and tyre design parameters (construction, geometry and material). The wear assessment through the classical field-testing approach consumes significant time and resources. Therefore, digital predictive tools are very useful in predicting wear characteristics at the early stage of the tyre development process. In this study, an attempt has been made to capture the impact of tread geometry, tread material, vehicle geometry, vehicle speed, test track geometry, etc. on tyre wear.

This method is used for determining the compatibility of a candidate lubricant with specific reference lubricants. The reference lubricants to be used will typically be mandated by the owner of the product specification against which the candidate lubricant is being compared. This method is split into two procedures (Procedure A and Procedure B) with a summary of each procedure contained in Section 4.

Why are Aerospace & Defense Companies Embracing Additive Manufacturing? Simplifying Power Design with Modular Architectures The Role of DevSecOps in Modern Edge Systems Making Machines Curious Designing Multi-Channel Microwave Radio Systems Using Optical Interconnects Solving Military Satellite, Radar and 5G Communications Challenges with GaN-on-SiC MMIC Power Amplifiers Advanced Airborne Defensive Laser for Incorporation on Strike Fighter Aircraft A technical and operational analysis of an airborne "hard-kill" Ytterbium fiber laser-based anti-missile system for use on strike fighters. Additive Manufacturing Utilizing a Novel In-Line Mixing System for Design of Functionally Graded Ceramic Composites Exploring the development of a direct ink writing system with multimaterial and in-line mixing capabilities for printing inks composed of high solids-loaded ceramic particulate suspensions.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes standard requirements for aerospace sealants and adhesion promoters, which may be incorporated as part of SAE Aerospace Material Specifications (AMS) for such products. This document provides for commonality of methods and procedures for responsibility for inspection, source inspection, classification of tests, establishment of/and qualification to qualified products lists, approval, reports, resampling and retesting, packaging, and marking.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) describes a method for assessing size dependent particle losses in a sampling and measurement system of specified geometry utilizing the non-volatile PM (nvPM) mass and number concentrations measured at the end of the sampling system.1 The penetration functions of the sampling and measurement system may be determined either by measurement or by analytic computational methods. Loss mechanisms including thermophoretic (which has a very weak size dependence) and size dependent losses are considered in this method2 along with the uncertainties due to both measurement error and the assumptions of the method. The results of this system loss assessment allow development of estimated correction factors for nvPM mass and number concentrations to account for the system losses facilitating estimation of the nvPM mass and number at the engine exhaust nozzle exit plane.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) outlines transient measurement methods to determine engine-generated levels of relevant compressor bleed air contaminant marker compounds on a ground level test cell for aircraft propulsion engine or auxiliary power unit (APU) to be fitted on civil and military aircraft. This AIR focuses on lubrication oils that might enter the bleed air through leaking engine seals or other sources. Also considered are ingested engine combustion products, which must be differentiated from oil. The intent of this AIR is to identify key species that are markers typical of contaminants, not to characterize all possible contaminants. Real-time (transient) measurement methods to approximately quantify those markers are also discussed. Real-time methods developed for transient measurement could also be applied for real-time measurements in steady state operations in ground level test beds.

The purpose of this standard is to aid manufacturers in creating devices that will provide maintenance staff with objective, reliable data consistent with certain types of airborne contaminants (“sources”), captured either during an event or during maintenance troubleshooting on the ground, in both cases for post-flight interpretation on the ground.

The complete requirements for procuring the product shall consist of this document and the latest issue of the basic specification, AMS2431.

This specification covers adhesion promoters in liquid form for use with aerospace sealing compounds.

This specification covers tungsten carbide-cobalt chrome in the form of powder.

This document considers the cooling of equipment installed in equipment centers, which usually consist of rack-mounted equipment and panel mounted equipment in the flight deck. Instances where these two locations result in different requirements are identified. This document generally refers to the cooled equipment as E/E equipment, denoting that both electrical and electronic equipment is considered, or as an E/E equipment line-replaceable-unit (LRU). The majority of cooled equipment takes the form of LRUs. The primary focus of this document is E/E equipment which uses forced air cooling to keep the equipment within acceptable environmental limits. These limits ensure the equipment operates reliably and within acceptable tolerances. Cooling may be supplied internally or externally to the E/E equipment case. Some E/E equipment is cooled solely by natural convection, conduction, and radiation to the surrounding environment.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes recommended sampling conditions, instrumentation, and procedures for the measurement of non-volatile particle number and mass concentrations from the exhaust of aircraft gas turbine engines. Procedures are included to estimate sampling system loss performance. This ARP is not intended for in-flight testing, nor does it apply to engines operating in the afterburning mode. This ARP is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.

This standard covers the requirements for spherical, self-aligning, self-lubricating bearings which are for use in the ambient temperature range -65 to +160 °F (-54 to +71 °C) at high cyclic speeds. The scope of the standard is to provide a liner system qualification procedure for helicopter sliding bearings defined and controlled by source control drawings. Once a liner system is qualified the source-controlled bearings are further tested under application conditions.

This standard defines general requirements for spherical, radial-journal, conical, and thrust bearings which are of laminated elastomeric construction. These bearings are for use in an environment having a temperature spectrum of -65 to +160 °F while reacting steady state loads in addition to oscillating loads and motions. The operating temperature range of -65 to +160 °F reflects the current temperature range for existing parts, but allows for expansion in the future.

AIR5933 provides an overview of contemporary technologies (i.e., sensors) that measure the proportion of oxygen in a gas. The use of these sensors in the aerospace environment, with its special constraints, is discussed and papers/reports with detailed information are summarized and referenced. The sensors are divided into expendable and non-expendable sensors. Expendable sensors are based on electrochemical properties, whereas non-expendable sensors rely on paramagnetic, photo-acoustic, electromagnetic, and laser spectroscopy properties.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) reviews performance testing parameters for non-cleanable (often referred to as disposable) filter elements utilized in aircraft power and propulsion lubrication systems, including gas turbine engines and auxiliary power units (APUs), propulsion and transmission gear boxes, and constant speed drives and integrated drive generators (IDGs). This document is confined to laboratory testing of filter element performance to qualify the filtration medium and filter element construction as opposed to qualification of the complete filter assembly. The testing discussed here is usually followed by laboratory and on-engine testing of the entire lube filter assembly (including filter element, housing, valving, etc.), which is outside the scope of this AIR.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) provides recommended practices for the cleaning of aircraft oxygen equipment, both metallic and non-metallic articles, such as oxygen lines (tubes, hoses, etc.), components (including regulator and valve parts), cylinders, and ground-based equipment that may be used to support aircraft oxygen systems. This document also specifies work area details, methods for selecting suitable cleaning agents, cleaning methods, and test methods for verifying levels of cleanliness. The cleanliness coding scheme specified in this document provides a method for documenting minimum cleanliness level requirements and for identifying compliance.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) presents data on normally accepted changes in physical properties and contamination levels for MIL-PRF-5606, MIL-PRF-83282, and MIL-PRF-87257 hydraulic fluids used in hydraulic test stands. This information is of importance to all users of hydraulic test stands to assure the performance data obtained on these test stands for specific components will not be adversely affected by excessive changes in fluid properties or contamination levels.