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The benefits introduced by the replacement of conventional centrifugal pumps with volumetric machines for Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) cooling were experimentally and theoretically proven in literature. In particular, Sliding Rotary Vane Pumps (SVRPs) ensure to achieve an interesting reduction of ICEs fuel consumption and CO2 emissions. Despite volumetric pumps are a reference technology for ICE lubrication oil circuits, the application in ICE cooling systems still not represent a ready-to-market solution. Particularly challenging is the case of Heavy-Duty ICE due to the wide operating range the pump covers in terms of flow rate delivered. Generally, SVRPs are designed to operate at high speeds to reduce machine dimensions and, consequently, the weight. Nevertheless, speed increase could lead to a severe penalization of pump performance since the growth of the friction losses.

In recent years, with the development of computing infrastructure and methods, the potential of numerical methods to reasonably predict aerodynamic noise in turbocharger compressors of heavy-duty diesel engines has increased. However, aerodynamic acoustic modeling of complex geometries and flow systems is currently immature, mainly due to the greater challenges in accurately characterizing turbulent viscous flows. Therefore, recent advances in aerodynamic noise calculations for automotive turbocharger compressors were reviewed and a quantitative study of the effects for turbulence models (Shear-Stress Transport (SST) and Detached Eddy Simulation (DES)) and time-steps (2° and 4°) in numerical simulations on the performance and acoustic prediction of a compressor under various conditions were investigated.

The new idea discussed in this paper pertains to the carrier mechanism for spare wheels in heavy commercial vehicles. Typically, these vehicles are equipped with a spare wheel carrier featuring a rope mechanism for loading and unloading the spare wheel. The conventional placement of this system is on the side of the frame/chassis or within the limits of the side member. However, the tire-changing process in this system is often arduous, time-consuming, and requires significant effort. The proposed invention addresses these challenges by repositioning the spare wheel to a vertical orientation, facilitating easier access to its bolts and simplifying the removal process from the mountings. Furthermore, the innovation incorporates a three-way actuation system (Air Actuated, Electric motor-driven, or Hydraulic cylinder actuated mechanisms), thereby reducing the need for manual effort and enhancing driver comfort.

Heavy vehicles such as construction machinery generally require a large traction force. For this reason, axle components are equipped with a final reduction gear to provide a structure that can generate a large traction force. Basic analysis of vertical load, horizontal load (traction force), centrifugal force, and torsional torque applied to the wheels of heavy vehicles such as construction machinery and industrial vehicles, as well as actual working load analysis during actual operations, were conducted and compiled into a load analysis diagram. The loosening tendency of wheel bolts and nuts that fasten the wheel under actual working load was measured, and the loosening analysis method was presented. The causes of wheel fall-off accidents in heavy trucks, which have recently become a problem, were examined. Wheel bolts are generally tightened by the calibrated wrench method using a torque wrench.

Nowadays, Bismuth (Bi) is being applied as an overlay material for engine bearings instead of Lead (Pb) which is an environmentally harmful material. Bi overlay has already been a solid performer in some automotive engine sectors due to its superior load carrying capacity and good robustness characteristic which are necessary to maintain its longevity during the lifetime of engines. The replacement is also seen on relatively larger size engines, such as Trucks and Off-highway heavy duty applications. Basically, these applications require higher power output than passenger cars, and the expected component lifecycle becomes longer. Though Bi has similar material characteristic to traditional Pb, it becomes challenging for the material alone to satisfy these requirements. Polymer overlay is known for its superior anti-wear performance and longer lifetime due to less adhesion against a steel counterpart than metallic materials (included Bi).

Lithium-ion batteries serve as the main power source for contemporary electric vehicles. Safeguarding these batteries against damage is paramount, as it can trigger accelerated performance deterioration, potential fire hazards, environmental threats, and more. This study explores damage progression of a commercial vehicle lithium-ion battery module containing prismatic cells under indentation crush loading. We employed computational simulations of mechanical loading tests to investigate this behavior. Physical tests involved subjecting modules to low-speed (0.05 m/s) indentations using a V-shaped stainless-steel wedge, under six unique loading conditions. During the tests, force, and voltage change with wedge displacement were monitored. Utilizing experimental insights, we constructed a finite element model, which included key components of the battery module, such as the prismatic cells, steel frames, and various plastic parts.

Threaded joints are considered the most basic of components. Although in use for over a century, significant problems still exist with their usage. Wheel bolt loosening in overloaded segments such as HD tippers and high-speed intercity buses poses a safety challenge for drivers, passengers, and pedestrians. Wheel nut loosening is a notable cause of service, fretting, and cracks in the mating components; contributing a significant chunk of warranty cost to the company. The need of the hour is to reinforce these joints while keeping resources at bay. This paper establishes a methodology for the evaluation and design of a safe wheel bolt joint interface including key parameters such as embedding, axial forces, and shear forces. It is necessary to obtain the minimum preload requirement for a wheel bolt joint to hold the clamped surfaces intact, which if not maintained otherwise would cause relative movement, play, shear load onto the bolt, and eventually failure.

Abstract The use of appropriate loads and regulations is of great importance in weld fatigue assessment of rail on-track maintenance equipment and similar vehicles for optimized design. The regulations and available loads, however, are often generalized for several categories, which proves to be overly conservative for some specific categories of machines. EN (European Norm) and AAR (Association of American Railroads) regulations play a pivotal role in determining the applicable loads and acceptance criteria within this study. The availability of track-induced fatigue load data for the cumulative damage approach in track maintenance machines is often limited. Consequently, the FEA-based validation of rail track maintenance equipment often resorts to the infinite life approach rather than cumulative damage approach for track-induced travel loads, resulting in overly conservative designs.

Aluminium composites are remarkably used in automotive, aerospace, and agricultural sectors because of their lightweight with definable mechanical properties. The stir casting route was followed to fabricate cylindrical samples with base aluminium alloy LM4, LM4/SiC, LM4/Al2O3, and LM4/SiC/Al2O3. The tensile strength, compressive strength, hardness, and micro-structural analysis were performed on samples and Finite element analysis (FEA) was adopted to predict the failure modes of composites. The composites experimental results were found to be in line with the FEA results, however, the LM4/SiC/Al2O3 revealed better results on the mechanical properties when compared with other composite configurations. The mechanical properties improvement like hardness 5%-11%, tensile strength 10.26%-20.67%, compressive strength 15.19% - 32.58% and 71.52 - 82.1% reduction in dimension have been achieved in LM4/SiC/Al2O3 composite comparing to base metal.

Lightweight materials are in great demand in the automotive sector to enhance system performance. The automotive sector uses composite materials to strengthen the physical and mechanical qualities of light weight materials and to improve their functionality. Automotive elements such as the body shell, braking system, steering, engine, battery, seat, dashboard, bumper, wheel, door panelling, and gearbox are made of lightweight materials. Lightweight automotive metals are gradually replacing low-carbon steel and cast iron in automobile manufacture. Aluminium alloys, Magnesium alloys, Titanium alloys, advanced high-strength steel, Ultra-high strength steel, carbon fiber-reinforced polymers, and polymer composites are examples of materials used for light weighing or automobile decreased weight. The ever-present demand for fuel-efficient and ecologically friendly transport vehicles has heightened awareness of lowering weight and performance development.

Aluminum alloys are employed in agricultural equipment, aerospace sectors, medical instruments, machinery, automobiles, etc. due to their physical and mechanical characteristics. The geometrical shape and size of the parts are modified in turning operation by using a single-point cutting tool. A356 aluminum alloy is widely used in various engineering sectors, hence there is a necessity to produce A-356 components with quality. The inappropriate cutting parameters used in turning operation entail high production costs and reduce tool life. Box–Behnken design (BBD) based on response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments such that the experiment trials were conducted by varying cutting parameters like N-spindle speed (rpm), f-feed rate (mm/rev), and d-depth of cut (mm). The multi-objective responses, such as surface roughness (SR) and metal removal rate (MRR) were analyzed with the desirability method.

This SAE Standard includes complete general and dimensional specifications for those types of pipe fittings commonly used in the automotive and other mass production industries where the use of lubricants or sealers is objectionable. The automotive pipe fittings shown in Figures 1 to 17 and Tables 1 to 6 are intended for general automotive and similar applications involving low or medium pressures or in conjunction with automotive tube fittings in piping systems.

With the rise of worldwide trends towards light weighting and the move towards electric vehicles, it is now more important than ever for the automotive industry to develop and implement lightweight materials that will result in significant weight reduction and product improvements. A great deal of research has been done on how to best combine and configure honeycomb cores with the right face sheets for Truck-Mounted Container Applications. Honeycomb structures possess the ability to bring about superior structural rigidity when the core parameters are selected and optimized based on the automotive application requirements.

This case study involves the failure analysis of the wheel arch structure for a commercial truck. The wheel arch is an important vehicle trim aggregate from both the regulatory perspective (spray suppression) as well as from the aesthetics of the truck. But, the durability of this part is affected by the vehicle architecture, vehicle load capacity as well as the operating conditions. This is more critical due to the nature of the overhang experienced by the mounting bracket assemblies that hold these wheel arches/mud flaps. This generally consist of tubular and sheet metal welded structures bolted on to the main chassis long members. These failures were observed in a legacy vehicle, where very little details of the complete vehicle digital simulation and testing performance were readily available.