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Training / Education

Applying DO-254 for Avionics Hardware Development and Certification

2024-11-20
This basic course introduces the intent of the DO-254 standard for commercial avionics hardware development. The content will cover many aspects of avionic hardware including, aircraft safety, systems, hardware planning, requirements, design, implementation, and testing. Participants will learn industry-best practices for real-world hardware development, common DO-254 mistakes and how to prevent them, and how to minimize risks and costs while maximizing hardware quality.
Technical Paper

Fitting Automotive Quality and Safety Expectations to Free and Open Source Software

2024-07-02
2024-01-2984
Due to manifold benefits compared to proprietary software solutions, free and open source software (FOSS) in general, and Linux especially becomes more and more relevant for embedded solutions in the automotive domain, especially in High Performance Computing Platforms (HPC). However, taking over liability and warranty for a FOSS software-based problem raises the problem of software quality assurance, and thus respectively risk control. In order to control and minimize the residual risk of a product or service, the traditional and well-accepted measure in the automotive domain is to assess the engineering processes and resulting work products via a process assessment model given by the ASPICE maturity model, as well as requirements from functional safety standards for safety related functions. The underlying process reference model of ASPICE assumes software development performed and controlled by an organization.
Technical Paper

The irrotational intensity: an efficient tool to understand the vibration energy propagation in complex structures using an FE Model.

2024-06-12
2024-01-2942
Although structural intensity was introduced in the 80's, this concept never found practical applications, neither for numerical nor experimental approaches. Quickly, it has been pointed out that only the irrotational component of the intensity offers an easy interpretation of the dynamic behavior of structures by visualizing the vibration energy flow. This is especially valuable at mid and high frequency where the structure response understanding can be challenging. A new methodolodgy is proposed in order to extract this irrotational intensity field from the Finite Element Model of assembled structures such as Bodies In White. This methodology is hybrid in the sense that it employs two distinct solvers: a dynamic solver to compute the structural dynamic response and a thermal solver to address a diffusion equation analogous to the thermal conduction built from the previous dynamic response.
Technical Paper

Acoustic quality assurance during End of Line engine test approval

2024-06-12
2024-01-2922
Liebherr Machines Bulle SA designs and produces High-quality diesel engines, injection systems as well as hydraulic components. Liebherr has an Acoustic End of Line (A-EoL) system on serial test benches. All engines are measured, and noises are evaluated by operators. This subjective evaluation leads to dispersion on the evaluations, particularly for whining noise. To achieve Swiss quality requirements and ensure customer satisfaction, Liebherr wishes to define a new methodology to find a quantitative and objective criterion to set a robust engine noise compliance standard. This new methodology is based on near field microphone measurement of an engine run-down. First, whining noise signatures are extracted from the raw signal. Secondly, psychoacoustic indicators are calculated on the isolated signatures. Thresholds are then established to validate engine deliveries.
Training / Education

AS13100 RM13145 Requirements for Advanced Product Quality Planning and Production Part Approval

2024-06-03
This course is verified by Probitas Authentication as meeting the AS9104/3A requirements for continuing Professional Development. Aerospace manufacturers seek to improve quality, efficiency, cost, and delivery of their products. The best way to scale production and keep your processes on track is using APQP and PPAP tools in product development. AS9145 standardizes the requirements for the Product Development Process (PDP) with these tools, and now the AESQ has also established and deployed the AS13100 Standard for engine suppliers which addresses how to apply the tools to their work.
Training / Education

FAA Certification, Operations and Maintenance Orientation

2024-06-03
Certifying an aircraft, part or appliance can be challenging while navigating the maze of Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) procedures, rules, policies and guidelines. Understand the FAA organizational structure, it's policies, guidelines and requirements leading to Type and Supplemental Type airworthiness approvals, and get a competitive edge and potential reduction in time in obtaining an FAA approval.
Technical Paper

Development of Deployment Mechanism for RAMBHA-LP Payload Onboard Chandrayaan-3 Lander

2024-06-01
2024-26-0455
RAMBHA-LP (Radio Anatomy of Moon Bound Hypersensitive Ionosphere and Atmosphere - Langmuir Probe) is one of the key scientific payloads onboard the Indian Space Research Organization’s (ISRO) Chandrayaan-3 mission. Its objectives were to estimate the plasma density and its variations on the near lunar surface. The probe was initially kept in a stowed condition attached to the lander. A mechanism was designed and realized to meet the functional requirement of deploying the probe at a distance of 1 meter, equivalent to the Debye length of the probe in the moon’s plasma environment. The probe deployment mechanism consists of the Titanium alloy spherical probe with a Titanium Nitride coating on its surface to achieve a constant work function, a long carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer boom, a double torsion spring, a dust-protection box, and a shape-memory alloy-based Frangibolt actuator for low-shock separation. The entire mechanism weighed less than 1.5 kilograms.
Technical Paper

FE Modelling and Experimental Evaluation for the Surface Integrity of Thin Walled Aluminum Alloy

2024-06-01
2024-26-0429
Abstract: The present study discusses about the effect of installation torque on the surface and subsurface deformations for thin walled 7075 aluminum alloy used in Aerospace applications. A FE model was constructed to predict the effect of torque induced stresses on thin walled geometry followed with an experimentation. A detailed surface analysis was performed on 7075 aluminum in terms of superficial discontinuities, residual stresses, and grain deformations. The localized strain hardening resulting from increased dislocation density and its effect on surface microhardness was further studied using EBSD and micro indentation. The predicted surface level plastic strain of .25% was further validated with grain deformations measured using optical and scanning electron microscopy.
Technical Paper

Effect of Fatigue Loads on Behavior of 2024-T351 Aluminum Conduits for Aircraft Hydraulic Applications

2024-06-01
2024-26-0431
Abstract: Hydraulic systems in aircrafts largely comprise of metallic components with high strength to weight ratios which comprise of 2024 Aluminum and Titanium Ti-6AL-4V. The selection of material is based on low and high pressure applications respectively. For aircraft fluid conveyance products, hydraulic conduits are fabricated by axisymmetric turning to support flow conditions. The hydraulic conduits further carries groves within for placement of elastomeric sealing components. This article presents a systematic study carried out on common loads experienced by fluid carrying conduits and the failure modes induced. The critical failure locations on fluid carrying conduits of 2024-T351 Aluminum was identified, and the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis was carried out to identify the characteristic footprints of failure surfaces and crack initiation. Through this analysis, a load to failure mode correlation is established.
Technical Paper

A Multi-Scale Computational Scheme for Prediction of High-Cycle Fatigue Damage in Metal Alloy Components

2024-06-01
2024-26-0430
Aerospace structural components grapple with the pressing issue of high-cycle fatigue-induced micro-crack initiation, especially in high-performance alloys like Titanium and super alloys. These materials find critical use in aero-engine components, facing a challenging combination of thermo-mechanical loads and vibrations that lead to gradual dislocations and plastic strain accumulation around stress-concentrated areas. The consequential vibration or overload instances can trigger minor cracks from these plastic zones, often expanding unpredictably before detection during subsequent inspections, posing substantial risks. Effectively addressing this challenge demands the capability to anticipate the consequences of operational life and aging on these components. It necessitates assessing the likelihood of crack initiation due to observed in-flight vibration or overload events.
Technical Paper

Exploring the Mechanical Properties of Modified Pistachio Shell Particulate Composites through Experimental Investigation

2024-04-29
2024-01-5052
The present study focuses on the impacts of pistachio shell particles (2–10 wt.%) on the mechanical and microstructures properties of Al–Cu–Mg/pistachio shell particulate composites. To inspect the impact of the pistachio shell powder content with Al–Cu–Mg alloys, the experimentation was carried out with different alloy samples with constant copper (Cu) and magnesium (Mg) content. Parameters such as hardness, tensile strength with yield strength and % elongation, impact energy, and microstructure were analyzed. The outcomes demonstrated that the uniform dissemination of the pistachio shell particles with the microstructure of Al–Cu–Mg/pistachio shell composite particulates is the central point liable for the enhancement of the mechanical properties. Incorporating pistachio shell particles, up to 10 wt.%, is a cost-effective reinforcement in the production of metal matrix composites for various manufacturing applications.
Standard

Aluminum Alloy, Extruded Profiles (2395-T84), 3.95Cu - 1.15Li - 0.3Ag - 0.5Mg - 0.1Zr, Solution Heat Treated, Stress Relieved by Stretching, and Aged

2024-04-25
CURRENT
AMS4359A
This specification covers an aluminum alloy in the form of extruded rods, bars, and profiles (shapes) 0.040 to 1.500 inches (1.02 to 38.10 mm), inclusive, in thickness, and produced with maximum cross-sectional area of 23.25 square inches (15000 mm2) and a maximum circumscribing circle diameter (circle size) of 15.5 inches (394 mm) (see 2.4.1 and 8.6).
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