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Fossil fuels such as natural gas used in engines still play the most important role worldwide despite such measures as the German energy transition which however is also exacerbating climate change as a result of carbon dioxide emissions. One way of reducing carbon dioxide emissions is the choice of energy sources and with it a more favourable chemical composition. Natural gas, for instance, which consist mainly of methane, has the highest hydrogen to carbon ratio of all hydrocarbons, which means that carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced by up to 35% when replacing diesel with natural gas. Although natural gas engines show an overall low CO2 and pollutant emissions level, methane slip due to incomplete combustion occurs, causing methane emissions with a more than 20 higher global warming potential than CO2.

Water management in PEMFC power generation systems is a key point to guarantee optimal performances and durability. It is known that a poor water management has a direct impact on PEMFC voltage, both in drying and flooding conditions: furthermore, water management entails phenomena from micro-scale, i.e., formation and water transport within membrane, to meso-scale, i.e., water capillary transport inside the GDL, up to the macro-scale, i.e., water droplet formation and removal from the GFC. Water transport mechanisms through the membrane are well known in literature, but typically a high computational burden is requested for their proper simulation. To deal with this issue, the authors have developed an analytical model for the water membrane content simulation as function of stack temperature and current density, for fast on-board monitoring and control purposes, with good fit with literature data.

The 2024 On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe (OBD-EU) continues to serve as the industry’s trusted event, providing regulatory and standards updates geared towards meeting European Commission and the California Air Resources Board ground vehicle emissions regulations.

Book your travel and accommodations for 2024 AeroTech.

September 17-19, 2019 │ Garden Grove, CA, USA

Innovations in Mobility Automotive Digital Summit is your ticket to connecting with decision-makers and automotive visionaries looking to expand their product pipelines, expand into new markets and build robust partnerships.

Request information from our sales team on how you can exhibit or sponsor at the SAE Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Conference & Exhibition.

Showcase your products and expertise while promoting your business at the Energy & Propulsion Conference & Exhibition.

September 17-19, 2019 │ Garden Grove, CA, USA

September 17-19, 2019 │ Garden Grove, CA, USA

Request information from our sales team on how you can exhibit or sponsor at the SAE Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Conference & Exhibition.

Request information about exhibiting or sponsoring at On-Board Diagnostics Symposium-Europe.

Contact our Powertrains, Fuels & Lubricants Conference & Exhibition team for more information.

Book your hotel and make your travel plans for the Energy & Propulsion Conference & Exhibition.

Check out the special events happening at the 2023 AeroTech event.