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This paper reports some results of a research carried out under part sponsorship of the Commission of the European Communities in the framework of the Joule II program. A twelve fuels matrix, derived from very different formulation techniques like hydrotreatment, Fisher Tropsch process, oligomerization and addition of oxygenated compounds to the straight run was tested. Istituto Motori performed tests on a turbocharged, after-cooled, direct injection diesel engine of two liter total displacement. It was equipped with an electronic E.G.R. system. Tests were performed in steady state conditions, representative of transient European schedules. Regulated and unregulated emissions was measured. Further tests were performed in cold conditions, the coolant temperature at the engine outlet was kept below 10°C in order to enhance the behavior of different fuels in producing regulated and unregulated emissions.

Selected measurements of the in-cylinder soot loading and the gaseous combustion products for ten different innovative fuels, burned in a D.I. diesel engine are presented and discussed. All the fuels which were tested have a very low sulfur content, so the insoluble fraction of the particulate is mainly composed of soot. Two different measure techniques are applied: the two-color pyrometry optical method and the fast sampling of gaseous products in the combustion chamber. A priori and experimental uncertainties relative to the reduction of the data obtained with the two-color measurements are preliminarily investigated.