Search Results

Water injection is a promising technology to improve the fuel efficiency of turbocharged gasoline engines due to the possibility to suppress engine knock. Additionally, this technology is believed to enable the efficient operation of the three-way catalyst also at high-load conditions, through limiting the exhaust temperature. In this numerical study, we investigate the effect of water on the chemical and thermodynamic processes using 3D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) with detailed chemistry. In the first step, the influence of different amounts of water vapor on ignition delay time, laminar flame speed, and heat capacity is investigated. In the second step, the impact of water vaporization is analyzed for port and direct injection. For this purpose, the water mass flow and the injection pressure are varied.