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Pilot injection and two other forms of auxiliary fuel introduction have been studied for their effects on diesel engine combustion and emissions. A two-stroke diesel has been equipped with an electronic solenoid-controlled unit injector such that the injector can operate with pilot injection. In addition, the engine has been fitted with experimental air-blast atomizing injectors in the inlet port and intake manifold. In-cylinder pressure, Bosch smoke, exhaust hydrocarbons, NO and NOx emissions measurements have been made for a range of engine conditions. In addition, two fuels have been tested to observe the effects of fuel blend on the auxiliary fuel behavior. In general, the effect of auxiliary fuel introduction is to reduce ignition delay and rate-of-pressure rise. This tends to result in a decrease in NO emissions. Unburned hydrocarbons and smoke tend to increase, although not in every case.