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Braking systems Trucks Vehicles and equipment Brake Linings Standards Committee

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Standard

Desorption of Brake Friction Materials
2023-05-10
CURRENT
J3281_202305
This SAE Recommended Practice specifies a method to reduce and stabilize the moisture of products containing brake friction material (disc brake pads, drum brake shoes, friction blocks) so the parts are conditioned and maintained in a stable low moisture state.
Standard

Road Vehicles - Friction Materials - Elastic Properties Measurements
2023-04-21
CURRENT
J2725_202304
This SAE Standard specifies a method for testing and measuring elastic constants in friction materials by precise ultrasonic velocity measurements. Measurement methods are also described for measurement of the out-of-plane modulus as a function of pre-load as well as the measurement of engineering constants as a function of temperature. Finally, methods are formulated to produce all engineering constants as a function of pre-load and temperature.
Standard

Deflection Measurement for Friction Materials Using Segment Applicator
2022-06-13
CURRENT
J3231_202206
This SAE Recommend Practice specifies a method for measuring the deflection of friction materials and disc brake pad assemblies in a manner more consistent with classical material compressive strain testing. This SAE test method differs from SAE J2468 in the preload and maximum load applied to the test sample when deflection is measured. It adopts the material applied stress levels found in ISO 6310 (0.5 to 8.0 MPa) using a 25 mm diameter flat plunger.
Standard

Brake Lining Quality Test Procedure
2021-10-26
CURRENT
J661_202110
The purpose of this SAE Recommended Practice is to establish a uniform laboratory procedure for securing and reporting the friction and wear characteristics of brake linings. The performance data obtained can be used for in-plant quality control by brake lining manufacturers and for the quality assessment of incoming shipments by the purchasers of brake linings.
Standard

Validation of Compressibility Test Systems for Friction Materials
2021-01-13
CURRENT
J3079/1_202101
This SAE Recommended Practice (RP) applies to the validation process for test systems used to measure deflection (compressibility, creep, or swell and growth) of friction materials and friction material assemblies. The materials or assemblies can fit passenger cars, light trucks, and commercial vehicles equipped with hydraulic or air brake systems, using disc or drum brakes.
Standard

Swell, Growth, and Dimensional Stability of Friction Materials and Noise Insulators when Exposed to Elevated Temperatures
2020-01-14
WIP
J160
This performance standard specifies a universal method of measuring the dimensional change of friction materials to determine the effects of temperature. The test applies to both, disc and drum type linings commonly used in hydraulic and air brake systems for automotive or commercial vehicle applications. This standard describes two main test procedures. Method A, where the friction material is in contact with a heated surface to simulate the heat input to the pad that occurs during actual usage. Method B uses an oven to heat the freestanding material and is an approximate procedure requiring less instrumentation. Method A is recommended for disc brake pad assemblies, noise insulators, or flat coupons; while Method B is recommended for curved drum brake linings.
Standard

Low-preload Deflection Measurement for Brake Pads, Noise Shims, and Brake Pad Assemblies
2019-11-22
WIP
J3079/2

This SAE Standard specifies a method for measuring the deflection of friction materials, noise insulators, and disc brake pad assemblies to be used in road vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating below 4336 kg.

This part of the SAE J3079 includes the test for deflection and creep at various pressures under ambient temperature conditions.

This SAE test method differs from SAE J2468 and ISO 6310 in the preload and maximum load applied to the test sample when deflection is measured. It also introduces additional measurements such as for deflection offset, hysteresis, and creep.

Standard

Friction Coefficient Identification and Environmental Marking System for Brake Linings
2019-03-11
CURRENT
J866_201903
This SAE Recommended Practice is intended to provide a uniform means of identification which may be used to classify the friction coefficient of brake linings, based on data obtained from tests conducted in accordance with SAE J661 Brake Lining Quality Test Procedure and SAE J2975 Measurement of Copper and other elements in Brake Friction Materials. NOTE: It is emphasized that this document does not establish friction requirements for brake linings, nor does it designate significant characteristics of brake linings which must be considered in overall brake performance. Due to other factors that include brake system design and operating environment, the friction codes obtained from this document cannot reliably be used to predict brake system performance.
Standard

High-Preload Deflection and Compressibility Test Procedures for Friction Materials
2018-11-12
CURRENT
J2468_201811
This standard specifies a method for testing and measuring the deflection of friction materials assemblies and compressibility of friction materials. This standard applies to disc brake pad assemblies and its coupons or segments, brake shoe lining and its coupons or segments, and brake blocks segments used in road vehicles. This SAE test method is consistent in intent with the ISO 6310 and the JIS 4413.
Standard

Best Practices to Define, Dimension, and Measure Disc Brake Plates for Manufacture
2018-01-17
WIP
J3167
Best Practices for defining the dimensional requirements of backing plates on the drawings themselves, and defining the measuring procedures used to validate those dimensions. The proposed standard employs already established methods such as geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T), including instruction on its proper application to features specific to backing plates. Current ‘best practices’ of design and drafting in our industry are similarly highlighted; drawing clarity, revision control, and dimensioning for both function and manufacturability. Generic examples are used to illustrate both the advantages of best drafting practices, and the potential failure modes that can result from poor drafting practices. The standard also proposes the best methods of measurement required to properly validate requirements such as feature size and location, surface roughness, plate flatness and bow shape
Standard

Test Procedures for Shear Strength of Automotive Brake Pads and Brake Lining Assemblies
2017-11-15
CURRENT
J840_201711
This SAE Recommended Practice covers equipment capabilities and the test procedure to quantify and qualify the shear strength between the friction material and backing plate or brake shoe for automotive applications. This SAE Recommended Practice is applicable to: bonded drum brake linings; integrally molded disc brake pads; disc brake pads and backing plate assemblies using mechanical retention systems (MRS); coupons from drum brake shoes or disc brake pad assemblies. The test and its results are also useful for short, semi-quantitative verification of the bonding and molding process. This Recommended Practice is applicable during product and process development, product verification and quality control. This Recommended Practice does not replicate or predict actual vehicle performance or part durability.
Standard

Road Vehicles - Friction Materials - Elastic Properties Measurements
2017-09-29
HISTORICAL
J2725_201709
This SAE Standard specifies a method for testing and measuring elastic constants in friction materials by precise ultrasonic velocity measurements. Measurement methods are also described for measurement of the out-of-plane modulus as a function of pre-load as well as the measurement of engineering constants as a function of temperature. Finally, methods are formulated to produce all engineering constants as a function of pre-load and temperature.
Standard

Thermal Transport Properties Germane to Friction Materials and Brakes
2017-02-02
CURRENT
J2581_201702
This SAE Information report defines the thermal transport properties important in the assessment of heat management capability of brake lining, shoe, disc and drum materials. The report discusses thermal diffusivity, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity and thermal expansion. Measurement techniques for the appropriate ASTM standards are identified. The thermal transport properties discussed are material sample properties, not the properties of entire components such as pad assemblies.
Standard

Specific Gravity of Friction Material
2017-02-02
CURRENT
J380_201702
Specific gravity is a nondestructive test used as a quality control check of the consistency of formulation and processing of brake lining. The specific gravity and the range of specific gravity are peculiar to each formulation and, therefore, the acceptable values or range must be established for each formulation by the manufacturer. Specific gravity alone shows nothing about a materials in use performance. The specific gravity of sintered metal powder friction materials, particularly those which have steel backing members, is usually determined somewhat differently. Reference ASTM B 376.
Standard

Gogan Hardness of Brake Lining
2017-02-02
CURRENT
J379_201702
Hardness measurements are used as a quality control check of the consistency of formulation and processing of brake linings. Gogan hardness is nondestructive (the penetrator causes shallow surface deformation.). Gogan hardness method alone does not show anything about a lining’s ability to develop friction or to resist fade when used as a friction element in brakes. The hardness and the range of hardness are peculiar to each formulation, thickness, and contour; therefore, the acceptable values and ranges must be established for each formulation and part configuration by the manufacturer.
Standard

Low-preload Deflection Measurement for Brake Pads, Noise Shims, and Brake Pad Assemblies
2016-07-14
CURRENT
J3079/2_201607
This SAE Standard specifies a method for measuring the deflection of friction materials, noise insulators, and disc brake pad assemblies to be used in road vehicles with a Gross Vehicle Weight Rating below 4336 kg. This part of the SAE J3079 includes the test for deflection and creep at various pressures under ambient temperature conditions. This SAE test method differs from SAE J2468 and ISO 6310 in the preload and maximum load applied to the test sample when deflection is measured. It also introduces additional measurements such as for deflection offset, hysteresis, and creep.
Standard

Measurement of Disc Brake Friction Material Underlayer Distribution
2016-05-24
CURRENT
J2724_201605
This procedure describes a method for measuring the fraction of underlayer (also referred to as backing layer) existing at any given height above the a disc brake friction materials shoe plate. Measuring underlayer distribution is useful for computing useable lining thickness and for friction material quality management.
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