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This SAE Recommended Practice presents recommendations for test fuels and fluids that can be used to simulate real world fuels. The use of standardized test fluids is required in order to limit the variability found in commercial fuels and fluids. Commercial fuels can vary substantially between manufacturers, batches, seasons, and geographic location. Further, standardized test fluids are universally available and will promote consistent test results for materials testing. Therefore, this document: a Explains commercial automotive fuel components b Defines standardized components of materials test fluids c Defines a nomenclature for test fluids d Describes handling and usage of test fuels e Recommends fluids for testing fuel system materials The test fluid compositions specified in Section 7 of this document are recommended solely for evaluating materials.

This SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice deals with electrostatic charge phenomena that may occur in automotive fuel systems and applies to the following: Fuels that are in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and are contained in vehicle fuel tanks that operate at or near atmospheric pressure. This includes gasoline and diesel fuels, as well as their blends with additives such as alcohols, esters, and ethers, whether the additives are petroleum based or bio-fuel based. The group of components that comprise the fuel system (in contact and not in contact with fuels). Other components in proximity to the fuel system that may be affected by electrostatic fields caused by the fuel system. Electrostatic phenomena that arise from, or are affected by, the following aspects of vehicle or fuel system operation: ○ Flowing fuel in the fuel delivery system. ○ Flowing fuel being dispensed to the vehicle while it is being fueled.

This SAE Recommended Practice covers design and evaluation of the entire gasoline filler pipe assembly used on cars and light trucks with respect to compliance with CARB (California Air Resources Board) LEV II (meeting or exceeding EPA Tier 2 and EU Stage-5 evaporative emissions requirements). It is limited to an assembly which is joined to the fuel tank using either a hose, Quick Connect Coupling, or a grommet type sealing device. The Design Practice covers the filler cap, filler pipe, filler pipe assembly to tank hose, and filler pipe assembly to tank grommet or spud. It includes recommendations for design of components and assemblies intended to perform successfully in evaporative emission SHED (Sealed Housing for Evaporative Determination) tests, based on best practices known at the time of release.

This SAE Recommended Practice provides standard dimensions for liquid fuel dispenser nozzle spouts and a system for differentiating between nozzles that dispense liquid fuel into vehicles with spark ignition (SI) engines and compression ignition (CI) engines for land vehicles. Current legal definitions only distinguish between “Unleaded Fuel” and “All Other Types of Fuel.” These definitions are no longer valid. This document establishes a new set of definitions that have practical application to current automobile liquid fuel inlets and liquid fuel dispenser nozzle spouts.

This test method is intended for measuring fuel permeation at elevated temperature through low permeating hose or tubing samples of elastomeric or composite construction. The expected accuracy of the method is about ±10% of the sample permeation rate. Hose permeation testing can be done two ways: Method A – Plug and Fill or Method B – using a fuel reservoir. Method A involves plugging one end of the hose, filling the sample to about 90% full with test fuel, plugging the other end, and then exposing the plugged sample to a desired test temperature, with the weight loss measured over time. Method B involves plugging one end of a hose, and then connecting the other end to a fuel reservoir. The hose sample and reservoir are then exposed to a desired test temperature with the weight loss measured over time. This procedure presents a recommended plug design that permits inserting the plugs prior to adding the test fluid.

This test standard covers the procedure for measuring the permeation of fuel or fuel surrogates through test samples of elastomeric, plastic or composite materials, up to about 3 mm thick. The method involves filling a test cup with the test fluid (fuel or fuel surrogate), sealing test sample over the open end of the cup, and then placing the sealed container into an oven at the desired test temperature and measuring the weight loss over time. Permeation rates are calculated from the rate of weight loss and the exposed area of the test sample. Standard permeation test temperatures are 40 °C and 60 °C. Standard test fluids are Fuel C, Fuel CE10 and Fuel CM15. Other fluids, such as Fuel CMTBE15, and other volatile liquids may be tested according to this procedure as desired (SAE J1681). The method is not applicable for measuring permeation of higher boiling materials that will not completely evaporate from the exterior surface of the sample at the test temperature.

This test method described in this document covers a procedure to speciate that is, to determine the amounts of each different fuel constituent that permeates across sheets, films or slabs of plastic materials. One side of the sheet is meant to be in contact with either a liquid test fuel or a saturated test fuel vapor, the other side is meant to be exposed to an environment free of fuel. The test fuel can either be a mixture of a small (usually smaller than ten) number of hydrocarbon, alcohol and ether constituents or it can be a sample of a real automotive fuel, e.g., one that may contain hundreds of different constituents. Furthermore, Appendix A contains guidelines to speciate evaporative emissions from finished fuel system components such as fuel lines, fuel filler pipes, fuel sender units, connectors and valves.

This SAE Standard encompasses the recommended minimum requirements for non-metallic tubing and/or combinations of metallic tubing to non-metallic tubing assemblies manufactured as liquid- and/or vapor-carrying systems designed for use in gasoline, alcohol blends with gasoline, or diesel fuel systems. This SAE Standard is intended to cover tubing assemblies for any portion of a fuel system which operates above –40 °C (–40 °F) and below 115 °C (239 °F), and up to a maximum working gage pressure of 690 kPa (100 psig). The peak intermittent temperature is 115 °C (239 °F). For long-term continuous usage, the temperature shall not exceed 90 °C (194 °F). It should be noted that temperature extremes can affect assemblies in various manners and every effort must be made to determine the operating temperature to which a specific fuel line assembly will be exposed, and design accordingly.

This SAE Recommended Practice presents standardized test methods developed for use in testing with hydrocarbon fuels or their surrogates and those same fuels when blended with oxygenated fuel additives. Hydrocarbon fuels include Gasoline and Diesel fuel or their surrogates described in SAE J1681. Oxygenated additives include Ethanol, Methanol Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME or Biodiesel).

This recommended practice provides a method for establishing the rated or advertised fuel capacity for a vehicle utilizing liquid fuel at atmospheric pressure. It applies to passenger cars, multi-purpose passenger vehicles and light duty trucks (10 000 lb (4536 kg) maximum GVW), (Ref. SAE J1100). It also includes a standardized procedure for creating a full tank when another test requires that condition as a starting point. It is intended as a guide toward standard practice and is subject to change to keep pace with experience and technical advances.

This test method described in this document covers a procedure to speciate that is, to determine the amounts of each different fuel constituent that permeates across sheets, films or slabs of plastic materials. One side of the sheet is meant to be in contact with either a liquid test fuel or a saturated test fuel vapor, the other side is meant to be exposed to an environment free of fuel. The test fuel can either be a mixture of a small (usually smaller than ten) number of hydrocarbon, alcohol and ether constituents or it can be a sample of a real automotive fuel, e.g., one that may contain hundreds of different constituents. Furthermore, Appendix A contains guidelines to speciate evaporative emissions from finished fuel system components such as fuel lines, fuel filler pipes, fuel sender units, connectors and valves.

This SAE Recommended Practice was developed to standardize fuel inlet closure colors and verbiage by fuel type primarily for passenger car and truck applications, but it can be applied to marine, industrial, lawn and garden, and other similar applications. See Section 4, Table 1 for a list of specified colors, and text by fuel type.

This SAE recommended practice provides standard dimensions for liquid fuel dispenser nozzle spouts and a system for differentiating between nozzles that dispense liquid fuel into vehicles with Spark Ignition (SI) Engines and Compression Ignition (CI) Engines for land vehicles. Current legal definitions only distinguish between “UNLEADED Fuel” and “All Other Types of Fuel.” These definitions are no longer valid. This document establishes a new set of definitions that have practical application to current automobile liquid fuel inlets and liquid fuel dispenser nozzle spouts.

This SAE Surface Vehicle Recommended Practice deals with electrostatic charge phenomena that may occur in automotive fuel systems and applies to the following: Fuels that are in a liquid state at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures and are contained in vehicle fuel tanks that operate at or near atmospheric pressure. This includes gasoline and diesel fuels as well as their blends with additives such as alcohols, esters and ethers whether the additives are petroleum based or bio-fuel based. The group of components that comprise the fuel system (in contact and not in contact with fuels). Other components in proximity to the fuel system that may be affected by electrostatic fields caused by the fuel system. Electrostatic phenomena that arise from or are affected by the following aspects of vehicle or fuel system operation: ○ Flowing fuel in the fuel delivery system ○ Flowing fuel being dispensed to the vehicle while it is being fueled

This test method is intended for measuring fuel permeation at elevated temperature through low permeating hose or tubing samples of elastomeric or composite construction. The expected accuracy of the method is about ±10% of the sample permeation rate. Hose permeation testing can be done two ways: Method A – Plug and Fill or Method B – using a fuel reservoir. Method A involves plugging one end of the hose, filling the sample to about 90% full with test fuel, plugging the other end, and then exposing the plugged sample to a desired test temperature, with the weight loss measured over time. Method B involves plugging one end of a hose, and then connecting the other end to a fuel reservoir. The hose sample and reservoir are then exposed to a desired test temperature with the weight loss measured over time. This procedure presents a recommended plug design that permits inserting the plugs prior to adding the test fluid.

This SAE Recommended Practice applies to determining worst-case fuel or test fluid surrogate, conditioning test specimens in worst-case fuel(s)/surrogate(s) prior to testing, individual tests for properties of polymeric materials exposed to oxygenate fuel/surrogate mixtures with additives. The determination of equilibrium, as well as typical calculations are also covered.

This SAE Recommended Practice presents standardized test methods developed for use in testing with hydrocarbon fuels or their surrogates and those same fuels when blended with oxygenated fuel additives. Hydrocarbon fuels include Gasoline and Diesel fuel or their surrogates described in SAE J1681. Oxygenated additives include Ethanol, Methanol Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME or Biodiesel).

This SAE recommended practice provides standard dimensions for liquid fuel dispenser nozzle spouts and a system for differentiating between nozzles that dispense liquid fuel into vehicles with Spark Ignition (SI) Engines and Compression Ignition (CI) Engines for land vehicles. Current legal definitions only distinguish between “UNLEADED Fuel” and “All Other Types of Fuel.” These definitions are no longer valid. This document establishes a new set of definitions that have practical application to current automobile liquid fuel inlets and liquid fuel dispenser nozzle spouts.

This SAE Recommended Practice was developed to standardize fuel inlet closure colors and verbiage by fuel type primarily for passenger car and truck applications, but it can be applied to marine, industrial, lawn and garden, and other similar applications. See Section 4, Table 1 for a list of specified colors, and text by fuel type.

This test standard covers the procedure for measuring the permeation of fuel or fuel surrogates through test samples of elastomeric, plastic or composite materials, up to about 3 mm thick. The method involves filling a test cup with the test fluid (fuel or fuel surrogate), sealing test sample over the open end of the cup, and then placing the sealed container into an oven at the desired test temperature and measuring the weight loss over time. Permeation rates are calculated from the rate of weight loss and the exposed area of the test sample. Standard permeation test temperatures are 40 °C and 60 °C. Standard test fluids are Fuel C, Fuel CE10 and Fuel CM15. Other fluids, such as Fuel CMTBE15, and other volatile liquids may be tested according to this procedure as desired (SAE J1681). The method is not applicable for measuring permeation of higher boiling materials that will not completely evaporate from the exterior surface of the sample at the test temperature.