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This white paper is an examination of the increasing rate of injuries and deaths worldwide of a class of road users, often referred to as “vulnerable road users” (VRUs), with a focus on pedestrians, cyclists, scooterists, highway road workers, safety, and emergency personnel. The potential to leverage pragmatic, evidence-based technology countermeasures to reduce these collisions, and the severity of those that do occur, is also examined.

This SAE Aerospace Standard defines the requirements for establishing a nondestructive inspection (NDI) program for aerospace systems to include but not limited to aircraft structure, aircraft stores (external structures such as antennas, pods, fuel tanks, weapons, radomes, etc.) and missile/rocket structural components when an NDI Program Plan is required by contract. NDI Programs are essential to ensuring NDI processes are implemented to support the lifecycle design requirements of the system and its components. NDI Programs are applicable to all phases of the system life cycle, including acquisition, modification, and sustainment. This standard may also be applicable to mechanical equipment, subsystems, and propulsion systems, but the requirements defined by the NDI Program Plan should be tailored by the contracting agency for such use.

This document provides a method/procedure for specifying the properties of vulcanized elastomeric materials (natural rubber or synthetic rubbers, alone or in combination) that are intended for, but not limited to, use in rubber products for automotive applications. This document covers materials that do not contain any re-use, recycled, or regrind materials unless otherwise agreed to by manufacturer and end user. The use of such materials, including maximum percent, must be specified using a “Z” suffix. This classification system covers thermoset High Consistency Elastomers (HCEs) only. Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) materials are classified using SAE J2558. Silicone Formed In Place Gasket (FIPG) systems such as Room Temperature Vulcanized (RTV) Silicones, and Liquid Silicone Rubber (LSR) systems are classified using ASTM F2468.

This paper describes a recommended practice and procedure for the correlation of test cells that are used for the performance testing of APU (auxiliary power unit) engines. Test cell correlation is performed to determine the effect of any given test cell enclosure and equipment on the performance of an engine relative to the baseline performance of that engine. The baseline performance is generally determined at the original equipment manufacturer (OEM) designated test facility. Although no original equipment manufacturer (OEM) documents are actually referenced, the experience and knowledge of several OEMs contributed to the development of this document. Each engine Manufacturer has their own practices relating to correlation and they will be used by those OEMs for the purpose of establishing certified test facilities.

This paper describes a recommended practice and procedure for the correlation of test cells that are used for the performance testing of turboprop and turboshaft engines. This Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) shall apply to both dynamometer and propeller based testing. Test cell correlation is performed to determine the effect of any given test cell enclosure and equipment on the performance of an engine relative to the baseline performance of that engine. Although no original equipment manufacturer (OEM) documents are actually referenced, the experience and knowledge of several OEMs contributed to the development of this document. Each engine manufacturer has their own practices relating to correlation and they will be used by those OEMS for the purpose of establishing certified test facilities.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes a test method for determination of heavy truck (Class VI, VII, and VIII) tire force and moment properties under cornering conditions. The properties are acquired as functions of normal force and slip angle using a sequence specified in this practice. At each normal force increment, the slip angle is continually ramped or stepped. The data are suitable for use in vehicle dynamics modeling, comparative evaluations for research and development purposes, and manufacturing quality control. This document is intended to be a general guideline for testing on an ideal machine. Users of this SAE Recommended Practice may modify the recommended protocols to satify the needs of specific use-cases, e.g., reducing the recommended number of test loads and/or pressures for benchmarking purposes. However, due care is necessary when modifying the protocols to maintain data integrity.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes a recommended practice and procedure for the correlation of test cells that are used for the performance testing of turbofan and turbojet engines. Test cell correlation is performed to determine the effect of any given test cell enclosure and equipment on the performance of an engine relative to the baseline performance of that engine. When baseline testing is performed in an indoor test cell, the baseline performance data are adjusted to open air conditions. Although no original equipment manufacturer (OEM) documents are actually referenced, the experience and knowledge of several OEM’s contributed to the development of this document. Each engine Manufacturer has their own practices relating to correlation and they will be used by those OEMs for the purpose of establishing certified test facilities.

This SAE Aerospace Standard (AS) establishes general requirements and descriptions of specific activities for the performance of LORA during the life cycle of products or equipment. When these requirements and activities are performed in a logical and iterative nature, they constitute the LORA process.

This SAE Recommended Practice describes a test method for determination of heavy truck (Class VI, VII, and VIII) tire force and moment properties under combined cornering and braking conditions. The properties are acquired as functions of slip angle, normal force, and slip ratio. Slip angle and normal force are changed incrementally using a sequence specified in this document. At each increment, the slip ratio is continually changed by application of a braking torque ramp. The data are suitable for use in vehicle dynamics modeling, comparative evaluations for research and development purposes, and manufacturing quality control. This document is intended to be a general guideline for testing on an ideal machine, and modifications to the protocols recommended within are expected depending on the requirements of each customer. Due care is necessary when modifying protocols to ensure that the integrity of the data is maintained.

SMSOLUTIONS0123 represents the work of a team of policy and technical leaders from over a dozen forward-leaning organizations in the ground vehicle industry and government. When asked where Sustainable Mobility Solutions could best apply the capabilities SAE has developed over a century, the SMS group responded without hesitation: address EV charging system failure. The group determined to aggregate charging session data with the view to create a consistent data dictionary and analysis practice. Adopting agile work practices, it studied these data, vetting and iterating its solution with the objective of producing a technical report in approximately half the time required in normal standardization. The resulting document, EV Charging Infrastructure: Charging System Performance Reporting, is informing work by the U.S. Department of Energy and Departments of Energy and Transportation Joint Office, as well as OEMs and suppliers.

This standard defines requirements for the preparation and execution of the audit process. In addition, it defines the content and composition for the audit reporting of conformity and process effectiveness to the 9100-series standards, the organization's QMS documentation, and customer and statutory/regulatory requirements. The requirements in this standard are additions or represent changes to the requirements and guidelines in the standards for conformity assessment, auditing, and certification as published by ISO/IEC (i.e., ISO/IEC 17000, ISO/IEC 17021-1). When there is conflict with these standards, the requirements of the 9101 standard shall take precedence.

This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) describes methods that are known to have been used by aircraft manufacturers to evaluate aircraft aerodynamic performance and handling effects following application of aircraft ground deicing/anti-icing fluids (“fluids”), as well as methods under development. Guidance and insight based upon those experiences are provided, including: Similarity analyses. Icing wind tunnel tests. Flight tests. Computational fluid dynamics and other numerical analyses. This ARP also describes: The history of evaluation of the aerodynamic effects of fluids. The effects of fluids on aircraft aerodynamics. The testing for aerodynamic acceptability of fluids for SAE and regulatory qualification performed in accordance with AS5900. Additionally, Appendices A to E present individual aircraft manufacturers’ histories and methodologies which substantially contributed to the improvement of knowledge and processes for the evaluation of fluid aerodynamic effects.

This document should be used as guidance for non-handbook based reliability predictions conducted on automotive electronics products. It presents a method that utilizes warranty and field repair data to calculate the failure rates of individual electronic components and predict the reliability of the entire electronic system. It assumes that the user has access to a database containing field return data with classification of components, times to failure, and a total number of components operating in the field.

This document will primarily address intrinsic reliability of electronic components for use in automotive electronics. Where practical, methods of extrinsic reliability detection and prevention will also be addressed. The current handbook primarily focuses on integrated circuit subjects, but can easily be adapted for use in discrete or passive device qualification with the generation of a list of failure mechanisms relevant to those components. Semiconductor device qualification is the main scope of the current handbook. Other procedures addressing extrinsic defects are particularly mentioned in the monitoring chapter. Striving for the target of Zero Defects in component manufacturing and product use it is strongly recommended to apply this handbook. If it gets adopted as a standard, the term “shall” will represent a binding requirement. This document does not relieve the supplier of the responsibility to assure that a product meets the complete set of its requirements.

This SAE Standard applies to all combinations of pneumatic tires, wheels, or runflat devices (only as defined in SAE J2013) for military tactical wheeled vehicles only as defined in SAE J2013. This applies to original equipment and new replacement tires, retread tires, wheels, or runflat devices. This document describes tests and test methodology, which will be used to evaluate and measure tire/wheel/runflat system and changes in vehicle performance. All of the tests included in this document are not required for each tire/wheel/runflat assembly. The Government Tire Engineering Office and Program Office for the vehicle system have the responsibility for the selection of a specific test(s) to be used. The selected test(s) should be limited to that required to evaluate the tire/wheel/runflat system and changes in vehicle performance.

This standard defines the minimum requirements for conducting Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA) for variable and attribute assessment on characteristics as defined on the drawing or specification. It does not define the detailed analytical methods for each type of study as these can be found in existing published texts (see Section 2 for guidance).

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is intended to assist tube bending facilities dedicated to aerospace/aircraft applications. It describes in part the principles, methods, tool selection, and tool set-up requirements to achieve tube bends with aircraft quality.

This document contains information that can be used by the air transportation industry to evaluate the design of airplane interior stairways with respect to the safety of passengers and crew in normal operating conditions and emergency evacuations.

This standard establishes general principles and descriptions of activities which, when performed in a logical and iterative nature, comprise the Product Support Analysis (PSA) process.

This SAE Information Report attempts to provide a list of potential digital data recording devices that may be interrogated for forensic purposes. This list may not be exhaustive, but it lists sources of data that may be useful in the investigation of incidents such as motor vehicle collisions. This list is not intended to give instruction on how to access and preserve the data. This list is only to inform investigators that these known data sources may contain important information and should, if applicable, be searched for and queried. It is recognized that as the state of technology advances there may be additional data sources that become available.