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Using tolerance stacks ensures that parts fit together properly, reducing scrap and rework, thereby increasing value. This 2-day foundational-level course explains how to use tolerance stacks to analyze product designs and how to use geometric tolerances in stacks.

The aerospace industry is hinged around compliance with Part 21; however, comprehension of Part 21 and its role in civil certification is challenging. This course is designed to provide participants with an understanding of the processes that encompass aircraft certification, including compliance with FARs, certification procedures and post certification responsibilities. It is also intended to introduce participants to the many regulatory issues upon which companies make business decisions that can be derailed by failing to see the part 21 implications.

Individuals responsible for quality management system (QMS) implementation, preparation, realization, and auditing to the AS9100:2016 standard series for Aviation, Space, and Defense (ASD) require an understanding of International Aerospace Quality Group (IAQG) ASD standards requirements. When ASD standards are implemented and correctly maintained, utilizing the process approach, managing risks, and proactively identifying opportunities its use results in improved performance. An understanding of Certification Body requirements will have a direct impact on the outcome of the QMS audit as companies utilize AS9100 Rev. D.

A power steering system is a component that helps the heavy-duty operator to move easily the vehicle by the hydraulic pump providing the fluid pressure and facilitating adequate operation. Some failures in the power steering system are due to external and internal factors that can reduce its life. The external factor could be identified by ocular inspection but normally to internal failures is necessary to use a hydraulic pressure flow meter. However, with this device is impossible to detect failures by the lubricant selected. This work aims to investigate the causes of power steering system seizure by using the tribological wear examination process and the lubricant characterization under some actual operation conditions.

In the context of energy conservation and emission reduction, high power density(HPD) and low fuel consumption are the consistent pursuit of diesel engine development. Among the small-bore diesel, the limited space in the cylinder poses higher challenges and requirements for the arrangement of sprays.The high injection pressure results in a greater impulse when the spray impinges chamber, which allows the combustibles to develop along the chamber wall. Based on these characteristics of small-bore HPD diesel, a reasonable injection scheme is proposed to help flame diffusion surface increasing and thermal efficiency enhancing. This work proposes an optimization path to increase the flame diffusion surface, then improve thermal efficiency. It can be achieved with matching between the injector extension length and the spray spray angle.

Oxygenated substances are a promising approach in the field of alternative fuels. A current example of such a fuel are Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers (OME). With their physical and chemical properties, alternative fuels like OME pose new challenges for diesel engine injection systems. As the heating value is low compared to conventional Diesel fuel, measures must be taken to increase the amount of fuel injected. Possible solutions include increasing the nozzle hole diameter, the injection pressure, and the number of nozzle holes. All mentioned adaptions have an influence on the mixture formation and make it necessary to examine the injection process in detail also with regard to phenomena such as cavitation. In this study, three passenger car Diesel injector nozzles are compared, two of which are adapted in terms of nozzle hole diameter (increase by 20%) and number of nozzle holes (increase from 8 to 12) in order to increase the mass flow rate of fuel to the required elevated level.

In the context of Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), airborne noise from Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) ducts becomes a prominent concern in the view of passenger comfort. The automotive industry traditionally leverages Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation to refine HVAC duct design and physical testing to validate acoustic performance. Optimization of the duct geometry using CFD simulation is a time-consuming process as various design configurations of the duct have to be studied for best acoustic performance. To address this issue effectively, the proposed a novel methodology uses Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) to minimize duct noise. Present solution demonstrates the power of machine learning (ML) algorithms in selecting the optimal duct configuration to minimize noise. Utilizing both real test data and CFD results, GPR achieves remarkable accuracy in design validation, especially for HVAC air ducts.

With the advent of electric and hybrid drivetrain in the commercial vehicle industry, electrically driven reciprocating compressors have gained widespread prominence. This compressor provides compressed air for key vehicle systems such as brakes, suspension systems and other auxiliary applications. To be a market leader, such an E-compressor needs to meet a myriad of design requirements. This includes meeting the performance by supplying air at required pressure and flow rate, durability requirements, oil free operation and having a compact design while maintaining cost competitiveness. The reed valve in such a compressor is a vital component, whose design is critical to meet the aforementioned requirements. The reed valves design has several key parameters such as the stiffness, natural frequency, equivalent mass, and lift distance which must be optimized. This reed valve also needs to open and close rapidly in response to the compressor operating speed.

Automotive radar plays a crucial role in object detection and tracking. While an standalone radar possesses ideal characteristics, integrating it within a vehicle introduces challenges. The presence of vehicle body, bumper, chassis, and cables in proximity influences the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar, thereby impacting its performance. To address these challenges, electromagnetic simulations can guide early-stage design modifications. However, operating at very high frequencies around 77GHz and dealing with the large electrical size of complex structures demand specialized simulation techniques to optimize radar integration scenarios. Thus, the primary challenge lies in achieving an optimal balance between accuracy and computational resources/simulation time. This paper outlines the process of radar vehicle integration from an electromagnetic perspective and demonstrates the derivation of optimal solutions through RF simulation.

Most of the heavy commercial vehicles are installed with Pneumatic brake system where the medium is a pressurized pneumatic air generated with the reciprocating air compressor. Heating is an undesirable effect of the compression process during loading cycles as reciprocating air compressors are concerned. There fore it is necessary to reduce the delivery air temperature of compressor for safer operation of down stream products. The present investigation deals with the measurement of the delivery air tempearture of a typical 318 cc water cooled compressor. A through steady state conjugate heat transfer analysis is conducted for different speed and different cooling water flow rate to compare the delivery air temperature. Pressure drop across the cooling water flow path has been measured and optimum flow rate is arrived to meet the design requirement.

Abstract: Leak Before Break (LBB) is now widely applied in the pressure vessels and other pressurized components to failure by unstable crack initiation and propagation. This concept is also applicated in pneumatic brake system components to validate the structural rigidity of the devices. Pneumatic brake system component plays a vital role in the commercial vehicle platform. It consists of four major systems such as charging systems, actuating systems, control systems and actuators. Charging System includes compressor, reservoir, air dryer, and system protection valves. Compressor acts as an energy source for pneumatic air brake systems, reservoir is used to store the compressed air generated by the compressor, and system protection valves are used to divide and distribute the air flow to the brake system. Air dryer is used to absorb the moisture, oil particles and tiny foreign contaminant, regulate the system pressure, and blow off the excess pressure from the system.

To ensure proper airflow distribution inside the cabin, the AC duct vanes' ability to direct airflow must be evaluated. Objective of this work is to propose a methodology for developing the vane design of AC system duct. CFD based factorial analysis was conducted using three components at three levels. The impact of number of horizontal vanes, number of vertical vanes and distance between them on the pressure drop and face level velocity are investigated. It was observed that when the number of vertical vanes are increased, the vane's ability to direct airflow rises. In this situation, the pressure drop increases as well. When the number of horizontal vanes exceeds a specific threshold, the vane's capacity to steer airflow declines. In literature, it can be noted that a greater number of research are available that focus on the relationship between human thermal comfort and vent position.

The function of powertrain mounts is to securely anchor the engine and gearbox within a vehicle, effectively absorbing vibrations and shielding the vehicle's body from powertrain movements and road irregularities. Traditionally crafted from aluminum, sheet metal, or cast iron, there has been a notable transition towards employing fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) as a viable alternative. This shift is motivated by the potential to reduce weight and cost, alongside enhancing noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) characteristics. This study aims to evaluate the relative strengths of existing brackets compared to those made of FRP, with a focus on their modal response and crash resistance. Due to the absence of a standardized method for modelling orthotropic materials in powertrain mounting brackets, this paper proposes a systematic approach to address this gap.

To provide requirements for a tire pressure sensor mounted on the aircraft.

In the aerospace industry, the delegated product release process occurs when a supplier is given the authority to act on behalf of a delegating organization to verify and release products without additional oversight. Historically, each delegating organization conducted a unique training program for individuals responsible for the product release overcheck process. In 2015, the Aerospace Engine Supplier Quality (AESQ) group worked with SAE to consolidate the training into a single, common training program called out in AS13001. 

5 year review

5 year review