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Computational fluid dynamics simulations of fixed-bed adiabatic adsorption/desorption processes are presented in this paper. Linear driving force model is used for heat and mass transfer rates. A two-dimensional cylindrical canister and three-dimensional automotive production canister geometry are used to study the adsorption/desorption processes of carbon dioxide in helium carrier gas on Norit B4 activated carbon. The two-dimensional results compare well with the results of Hwang et al. [1]. Computational results as breakthrough curve, adsorption amount and temperature profiles are provided. Results show that non-adiabatic model should be used to fully utilize the activated carbon bed capacity prior to breakthrough.

A comprehensive study is reported on the dynamics of critical components in the refueling process for passenger cars and light trucks. Nozzle, filler pipe, recirculation tube, tank, and canister are investigated. CFD simulations are conducted for flow rates of 4 liters/min (lpm) to 80 lpm for gasoline and up to 120 lpm for diesel fuel. Tank pressure, identified as a critical parameter controlling flow performance, is measured and utilized as a boundary condition. Flow simulation in a carbon canister, accomplished by treating the adsorbing carbon as a porous medium, indicates pressure drops which are in good agreement with published experimental data. Experiments have been conducted and used to validate simulation results. The simulations indicate that CFD can be successfully utilized as a tool to shorten the design, development and cost reduction cycle of a nozzle, filler pipe, canister, and tank system.