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Electric mobility is an emerging mode of transportation, causing rapid growth of battery pack usage in electric vehicles. These battery packs were limited working life to be used in electric Vehicles. In addition, the disposal is becoming as a major threat to an environment. So, there is a need to increase the working life of battery pack used in electric vehicles to reduce the burden on the environment. In this regard, this paper is focused on studying the life cycle estimation of the battery pack. Battery pack degradation was observed through its self-discharge pattern and also due to the urge to increase the rate of charging. This research study was focused on understanding the degradation rate due to self-discharge and also due to fast charging patterns in battery packs. Estimation of self-discharge is depending on voltage, time and state of charge of the battery pack. Simulation analysis will carry out to evaluate state of charge analysis of the electric vehicle battery pack.

The main objective of the study is to design and analyze casing and supports of a transmission system for an electric vehicle. The system comprises of motors as the power source, constant mesh gear box coupled with limited slip differential as the power transmitting source. The space occupied by the transmission system is a foremost constraint in designing the system. The wear and tear in the system is caused by the gear meshing process and transmission error which lead to failure of the transmission system. This internal excitation also produces a dynamic mesh force, which is transmitted to the casing and mounts through shafts and bearings. In order to overcome such issues in a transmission system, a gear box casing, differential mounts and motor mounts have been designed by the use of CAD-modeling software “SOLIDWORKS”. The designs were imported to FEA software “ANSYS” for carrying out static structural analysis.

Thermal management is one of the most challenging and innovative aspects of the automotive industry. The efficiency of the vehicle cooling framework unequivocally relies upon the air stream through the radiator core. Significant advances in thermal management are being embraced in the field of radiator material and coolant. The radiator shouldn't be exclusively credited for the reliable cooling of the engine. There are other auto parts that play an essential role in keeping engine temperature at a manageable level. The fan-shroud assembly is an important component of the cooling system. While the fan is responsible for drawing in air, the fan shroud's job is to ensure uniform air distribution to the radiator core. By assisting airflow in the engine compartment the fan shroud helps in dismissing excess heat from the engine. This assembly also prevents the recirculation of heated air through the cooling fan.

In Formula Student, the vehicle working parameters are quite disparate from that of a commercially designed vehicle. The inability of teams to incorporate the atypical running conditions in their design causes multiple unforeseen issues. One such condition where the teams fail to improvise upon is the cooling system. Due to the high performance requirement of the competition, multiple teams participating face recurring heating problems. Maximum efficiency from a combustion vehicle can only be achieved when the cooling system is designed to handle the increasing power demand. This paper brings forth a detailed study on the intricate design of the cooling system. The problem has been approached using both theoretical and simulation models. Firstly, NTU-ℇ method was used to calculate the overall heat transfer coefficient and the temperature drop through the radiator core.

In a fastening system when there is a small misalignment of the holes, the holes are enlarged to align the axes and a next size fastener is used to fit the joint. But when the misalignment is large then the enlargement need to be proportionally large. In this case a bushing is press fit onto the hole to handle the fastening. If we press fit a bushing, it generates residual stresses in the panel. These residual stresses reduce the damage life of the components on which the bushings were press fit. In the aircraft engine nacelle components the damage life is very critical in various failure conditions such as fan blade out condition, wind milling and bird strike. It increases the flight time in these events. Here four different case studies were considered to study the damage life of the aircraft components made of Aluminum or composite material.

Forging is a metal forming process involving shaping of metal by the application of compressive forces using hammer or press. Forging load of equipment is an important function of forging process and the prediction of the same is essential for selection of appropriate equipment. In this study a hot forging material i.e. 42CrMo4 steel is selected which is used in automotive components like axle, crank shaft. Hot forging experiments at 750°C are carried out on cylindrical specimens of aspect ratio 0.75 and 1.5 with true height strain (ln (ho/hf)) of 0.6. Forging load for the experiments is calculated using slab and upper bound deformation models as well as Metal forming simulation using commercially available FEA software. The upper bound models with 30% deviation from the simulation results are found to be more accurate compared to the slab models.

The foremost emphasis of this paper is to project the need for collecting the outlet pollutant gases from the individual vehicle which is on fleet and the need to maintain the vehicle to make the surveillance of vehicle in the fleet. The data that is collected from the vehicle was stored in the cloud and provided to the vehicle user mobile application that displays the level of pollutant. With the help of pollutant level the user may be aware of the maintenance or the change in vehicle filling station, which will reduce the overall level of pollutant of the vehicle. The data that is uploaded in the cloud will be used by the regional transport office to keep track of the vehicle user.

The use of thermoplastics in various fields like aerospace, automotive, medical and packaging industries is growing day by day, due to their light weight and compactness. In some instances, the plastic components are required to be welded. In this research study, process parameters used for the ultrasonic welding of thermoplastics which produces highest weld strength for complex use in the above said applications is carried out. Also, the possibilities of welding dissimilar plastics are also tested. Tensile testing of above welded samples fabricated through injection moulding was carried out for all possible welds and the ultimate tensile strength was calculated in each case. Of all the welded specimens, at given parameters like weld time, weld pressure and energy director, it is observed that ultimate tensile strength of ABS (8.89 N/mm2) is highest.

A study of an aerofoil structure used for automotive body design is being conducted and an experiment has been performed to determine the lift and drag forces produced by it by varying its Angle of Attack. The NACA0018 and NACA0015 aerofoil with a chord length of 16 cm were used for this study. Then an analysis was done with the help of (CFD) computational fluid dynamics. The results obtained by CFD analysis where compared by the experimental results which was performed on wind tunnel using NACA0018 aerofoil. The results are then presented graphically, showing pressure and velocity distributions lift and drag coefficients for the different cases which will be useful for design of automotive body structures.

The present world persists with a twin crisis of energy consumption and the environmental degradation. Finding a compromise between them provides a breakthrough in the research in energy containments of the engine attachments. Oil pump has role of providing the transmission of oil to other engine parts and acts as the coolant for the moving parts. Conventional oil pump with pressure relief valve is its loss lot of energy in oil re-circulation due to the discharge effect. On contrary, the variable displacement oil pump has an effect on reduction of oil pressure using eccentric ring without having any compromise with the energy consumption. This paper proposes model and experimental methodology of a variable displacement Gerotor oil pump for lubricating the internal combustion engine. This particular unit is performed extremely in terms of rotational speed, delivery pressure and displacement variation.

A model for Hybrid electric vehicle power train with parallel hybrid braking system has been constructed. The hybrid vehicle utilized is based on integrated motor assist power train developed by Honda co utilized in Honda Insight car. The model is implemented using empirical formulation and power control schemes. A power control strategy based on throttle position (% throttle) and brake pedal position (% braking) is used. It incorporates the parallel hybrid braking system for the hybrid electric vehicle. The model allows for real time evaluation of wide range of parameters in vehicle operation as HEV without parallel hybrid braking system (PHBS) and with PHBS. Due to regenerative braking the structure design and control of braking system for HEV is different from conventional vehicle. The PHBS is the good option to provide safety of the vehicle and simultaneously recover reasonable amount of braking energy.

Though high thermal conductivity polymer composites are prepared based on the thermal requirements, the effectiveness and overall heat transfer performance of the radiators have to be addressed comprehensively to validate the concerned efforts taken to prepare the high thermal conductivity polymer composites. In this article, theoretical analysis on the thermal performance of the cross flow type heat exchanger under convection is performed only by concentrating on the term thermal conductivity of the material. Micro channel based geometry is extracted from the given heat exchanger problem to reduce the complexities of simulation. The term cooling system performance index (CSPI) is used to achieve the expected targets in the present investigation. For shorter fins, the effect of thermal conductivity on the cooling system performance index under lower Reynolds number is insignificant.

In present commercial vehicles, the cranking torque required for a heavy duty compression ignition engine is very high. This results in higher durability and reliability requirement of cranking system components and also makes it cumbersome to implement start-stop micro hybrid feature which requires more number of cranking cycles in lifetime. Hence higher capacity starter motor and battery is being used for implementing start-stop feature. However this would result in cost and packaging issues. In order to implement start-stop feature maintaining the same starter motor and battery capacity, the cranking energy demand of the engine needs to be reduced. Studies conducted shows that the major source of breakaway torque is the work done in compression stroke during a starting cycle.

The increasing demand for light weighting products due to introduction of various standards and norms for controlling CO2 emissions and to meet the customer requirement of low cost with higher strength and rigidity of product in automotive industry, sheet metal manufacturing technique is adopted for automotive steering yoke for light commercial vehicle. Currently forged yokes are used for higher strength requirement, while sheet metal yokes are being used for small tonnage vehicle. The attempt has been made to improve overall strength and rigidity of the yoke produced by sheet metal operation using SAPH 440 steel with 6.5mm thickness for light commercial vehicle segments. The major challenge identified for this development was developing such a high strength and thickness material with consistency of dimension during forming process and meeting the torsional strength requirement of 500 Nm.

Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) are becoming an essential part of the modern commercial automobile industry. Vehicle handling and stability are determined by the yaw rate and body slip of the vehicle. This paper is a comparative study of a nonlinear vehicle stability control algorithms for steering control based on two different controllers i.e. fuzzy logic based controller and PID controller. A full vehicle 14DOF model was made in Simulink to simulate an actual vehicle. The control algorithms are based on a two-track 7-DOF model with a non-linear tire model based on Pacejka “Magic tire formula”, which was used to establish the desired response of a full vehicle 14DOF model. It was found that the fuzzy logic-based control algorithm demonstrated an overall superior performance characteristic than a PID based control algorithm; this includes a significant decrease in time lag and overshoot.

A Formula student team aims to develop and improve their designs every year, as far as the powertrain aspect is considered performance output and enhancement is the primary aim, and for engine to perform better, the health of the engine is the most important parameter; hence the lubrication system of the vehicles powertrain should be improved to get the most out of the engine. The primary challenge for the development of a new lubrication system was the inability to replicate the performance given by stock wet sump with the self-designed custom dry sump. However, the advantages can outnumber the cons of implementing a custom dry sump lubrication system. The work brought together in this paper highlights the meticulous design procedure for implementing a custom made dry sump system onto a 4-cylinder in-line Honda CBR600RR engine.