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This report supplies data on various survivability design approaches and techniques to provide a broad frame of reference for future fluid power designers. Before the designer embarks on the overall system design, a comprehensive understanding of the total hostile environment in which the air vehicle is to operate is mandatory. The overall approach is heavily dependent upon the level of threat, small arms versus medium, or heavy caliber antiaircraft projectiles, missile, single or multiple hit survivability and the projected angle of fire. Overall aircraft stability is a factor which dictates recovery speed from any given failure and limits the magnitude of transient disturbances in the control system. The designer should strive to achieve at a minimum a system which allows high performance type aircraft to obtain a quasi-stable period following total control loss to allow safe ejection of the air crew.

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) provides the hydraulic system designer with the various design options and techniques currently available to enhance the survivability of hydraulic systems. A comprehensive knowledge of the hostile environment to which the air vehicle will be exposed will form the basis upon which the overall design philosophy is formulated. The designer should strive to achieve at the absolute minimum a system which provides the actuation and control capability to meet the minimum acceptable flying quality level to complete the operational mission for which the aircraft is designed; i.e., the aircraft can be controlled and the mission terminated safely, including landing. This AIR will attempt to address the following threats: a Typical Small Arms Fire (5.56, 7.62, 12.7 and 14.5 mm AP) b Cannon (20, 30, and 40 mm API/HEI) c NBC/EMI/EMP/Beamed Particle d Chemical/Biological Protection against missiles is beyond the scope of this AIR.