This AIR points out that above a frequency called the “transition frequency,” variances associated with the shielding effectiveness measurements can become large. It includes the derivations to demonstrate this. This fact should be taken into account when designing shielding for use above the transition frequency.
This AIR discusses the use and application of EMC antennas and antenna factors. The relationships between antenna gain, antenna factor, power density (W/m2), and field strength (V/m) are discussed. Some examples of their use are given. Illustrations of commercially available EMC antennas commonly used in performing EMI measurements are included. In addition to the illustrations, the antenna factors, frequency ranges, typical uses (applications), and the manufacturers of these antennas are also listed.
The purpose of this AIR is to acquaint the aerospace industry with problems in attaining electromagnetic compatibility on gas turbine engines, particularly as used in aircraft. It is also the purpose of this AIR to present guidelines for the application of EMC controls to the engine, to its components which of necessity must operate in very hostile environments and to its interface with the aircraft.
The purpose of this AIR is to acquaint the aerospace industry with problems in attaining electromagnetic compatibility on gas turbine engines, particularly as used in aircraft. It is also the purpose of this AIR to present guidelines for the application of EMC controls to the engine, to its components which of necessity must operate in very hostile environments and to its interface with the aircraft.
This AIR provides guidance to the EMI test facility on how to check performance of the following types of EMI test equipment: Current probe Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) Directional coupler Attenuator Cable loss Low noise preamplifier Rod antenna base Passive antennas All performance checks can be performed without software. A computer may be required to generate an electronic or hard copy of data. This is not to say that custom software might not be helpful; just that the procedures documented herein specifically eschew the necessity of automated operation.
This AIR provides guidance to the EMI test facility on how to check performance of the following types of EMI test equipment: Current probe Line Impedance Stabilization Network (LISN) Directional coupler Attenuator Cable loss Low noise preamplifier Rod antenna base Passive antennas All performance checks can be performed without software. A computer may be required to generate an electronic or hard copy of data. This is not to say that custom software might not be helpful; just that the procedures documented herein specifically eschew the necessity of automated operation.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes overall system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) control requirements. EMC includes the following: a Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) b Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) c Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) d Electromagnetic Vulnerability (EMV) e Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) f Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) g Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) h Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels (HERF) i High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) j Lightning Protection k Static Electricity I TEMPEST This document is intended to be used for the procurement of land, sea, air, or space systems by any procurement activity. Tailoring of specific requirements is necessary and Appendix A has been provided for guidance.
This SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) establishes overall system electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) control requirements. EMC includes the following: a Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) b Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) c Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) d Electromagnetic Vulnerability (EMV) e Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP) f Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Ordnance (HERO) g Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Personnel (HERP) h Hazards of Electromagnetic Radiation to Fuels (HERF) i High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF) j Lightning Protection k Static Electricity l TEMPEST This document is intended to be used for the procurement of land, sea, air, or space systems by any procurement activity. Tailoring of specific requirements is necessary and Appendix A has been provided for guidance.
Engine charging of aircraft has been observed for many years. This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) reviews the history of observations, physical characteristics, and possible techniques for minimizing the effects.
Engine charging of aircraft has been observed for many years. This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) reviews the history of observations, physical characteristics, and possible techniques for minimizing the effects.
This ARP provides the rationale and theory of charges being present on aircraft while on the ground. The necessary implementation of safety practices are explained and defined.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is a description of methods to be employed to achieve Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of gas turbine engine accessories. Its primary objectives are to aid those system designers of gas turbine assemblies who are employing commercial accessories, which are not always EMC designed, and to outline methods of achieving EMC employing readily available test instrumentation.
This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) is a description of methods to be employed to achieve Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) of gas turbine engine accessories. Its primary objectives are to aid those system designers of gas turbine assemblies who are employing commercial accessories, which are not always EMC employing readily available test instrumentation. Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) as defined for this AIR is the ability of all engine accessories to perform within their specified capabilities when subjected to an electromagnetic environment generated by adjacent engine accessories.
These cable practice recommendations tend toward design guidance rather than standardization. EMC achievement tests can be standardized, but the means for achievement should not be constrained. The material can best be described as an essay on cabling, and the theme is that a cable is just a part of a complete circuit, the interconnect circuit. Cable EMC performance is thus determined largely by circuit design; it is unrealistic to expect cabling techniques to compensate for improper impedance, symmetry or waveform in the circuit.